Tool to assess air quality impacts of elevated roads within the Strategic Road Network

英国公路局正致力于发展战略公路网（SRN），以尽量减少对邻近社区的空气污染影响。ads - roads空气质量建模软件工具是实现这一目标的关键，因为它用于评估SRN资本投资计划和缓解措施对空气质量的影响。更好的评估将使英格兰公路局能够更有效地设计和规划有关空气质量的发展，从而减少邻近社区所经历的空气污染浓度。英国高速公路分包商使用ads - roads计算空气污染物的浓度水平，如二氧化氮和微粒，这些污染物是由于车辆在SRN上的有毒排放物扩散而产生的，同时考虑到道路和建筑物的几何形状、气象条件、交通流量以及由于交通管理、速度控制、使用超低排放车辆和模式转换等缓解措施而导致的排放变化。该模型以高空间（几米）和时间（每小时）分辨率计算空气质量，从而计算人口暴露。在这些评估中，ads - roads通常用于评估一系列减轻污染设想方案的有效性，为选择具有成本效益的实施措施提供信息。这一决策的更好证据将导致SRN附近空气污染物浓度的减少。城市地区的人口最容易受到SRN的污染，因为这些地区的道路几何形状通常包括复杂的特征，以改善路口的交通流量，例如天桥和地下通道。因此，迫切需要了解这些道路特征对邻近社区的当地空气质量的详细影响，但目前，即使是最先进的模型，如ads - roads，在模拟高架路段方面也有局限性。在这个项目中，CERC的一个专家空气质量科学家团队将解决这些限制，该团队是英国中小企业，在过去的20年里创建和开发了ads - roads。该团队将进行研究和开发，最终推出一款专门用于预测高架路段空气质量影响的工具。英国有超过100个ADMS-Roads及其姊妹模型ADMS-Urban的用户，因此该项目产生的任何模型开发都将使整个社区受益，包括英国高速公路和地方当局规划者。

Highways England is working towards developing the Strategic Road Network (SRN) to have minimal air pollution impact on neighbouring communities. The ADMS-Roads air quality modelling software tool is key to this goal because it is used to assess the air quality impact of SRN capital investment schemes and mitigation measures. Better assessments will enable Highways England to design and plan its developments more effectively with regard to air quality, leading to reductions in air pollution concentrations experienced by neighbouring communities.Highways England sub-contractors use ADMS-Roads to calculate air pollutant concentration levels of pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide and particulates, which arise from the dispersion of toxic emissions from vehicles on the SRN, taking into account road and building geometry, meteorological conditions, traffic flows and changes to emissions due to mitigation measures such as traffic management, speed control, use of ultra-low-emission vehicles and modal shift. The model calculates air quality at high spatial (a few metres) and temporal (hourly) resolution, allowing calculation of population exposure. In these assessments ADMS-Roads is typically used to assess the effectiveness of a range of pollution mitigation scenarios, informing a selection of cost-effective measures for implementation. Better evidence for this decision making will lead to the reduction of air pollutant concentrations in the vicinity of the SRN.Populations are most exposed to pollution from the SRN in urban areas where the road geometry often includes complex features to improve traffic flow at junctions, such as flyovers and underpasses. There is therefore an urgent need to understand the detailed local air quality impacts of these road features on neighbouring communities, but currently even state-of-the-art models such as ADMS-Roads have limitations with regard to modelling elevated sections of road. In this project, a team of expert air quality scientists at CERC, the UK SME which has created and developed ADMS-Roads over the last 20 years, will address these limitations. The team will undertake research and development leading to the release of a tool specifically designed to predict the air quality impact of elevated road sections. There are over 100 UK users of ADMS-Roads, and its sister model ADMS-Urban, so any model developments resulting from this project will benefit the whole community developing air quality mitigation measures in urban areas, including Highways England and local authority planners.