CAUSAL BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE EFFECT ON CATEGORIZATION
因果背景知识对分类的影响
基本信息
- 批准号:6258292
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 10.4万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2000
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2000-04-01 至 2001-07-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
DESCRIPTION (Applicant's Abstract): Nineteen experiments investigate the
role of causal background knowledge in determining feature centrality in
people's conceptual representations. The main hypothesis is based on a
recent theory-based view which suggests that concepts, like theories, have
features that are causally connected to each other. Ahn proposes the causal
status hypothesis which states that features serving as causes for other
features should be more essential than those serving as effects. The
proposal describes three sets of studies designed to test and improve this
causal status model which automatically determines weights of features based
on their causal status. First, the causal status model is applied to
account for numerous existing phenomena demonstrating the effect of
background knowledge. These include the basic level shift as a function of
expertise, differences between natural kinds and artifacts, developmental
trends in the ways children treat natural kinds and artifacts, category
variability on categorization, and the types of properties in category-based
induction. Second, a computational model of the causal status hypothesis is
implemented and tested by varying the factors which are predicted to affect
feature weighing. These include causal strengths between causally related
features, the number of features caused by a target feature, and the number
of causal links branching out from a target feature. Thus, the model will
provide a basis for predicting feature weighing in complex knowledge bases
which have multiple interwoven causal links varying in strengths. Third,
the model is tested to explain clinicians' diagnosis processes to
investigate not only the model's generality in a sample complex knowledge
base but also how extensive use of categories and knowledge on feature
probabilities might interact with the causal status bias. The proposed
experiments rely on two methods;(1) Tasks using artificial categories
directly manipulate causal status of novel features and collect participants
ratings on feature centrality for causal and non-causal features and (2)
tasks using familiar categories measure participants' existing knowledge on
causal status of features which will be subsequently correlated with their
centrality ratings. The major theoretical contribution of the model is to
rigorously define theory-based categorization which can be applied to
real-life cases. In addition, an understanding of conceptual cores in terms
of people's causal explanations will elucidate the structure and acquisition
of knowledge in general.
描述(申请人摘要):19个实验研究
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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WOO-KYOUNG AHN其他文献
WOO-KYOUNG AHN的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('WOO-KYOUNG AHN', 18)}}的其他基金
Understanding/Promoting Mental Health Literacy Based on Biological Explanations
基于生物学解释理解/促进心理健康素养
- 批准号:
8416000 - 财政年份:2013
- 资助金额:
$ 10.4万 - 项目类别:
Understanding/Promoting Mental Health Literacy Based on Biological Explanations
基于生物学解释理解/促进心理健康素养
- 批准号:
8719848 - 财政年份:2013
- 资助金额:
$ 10.4万 - 项目类别:
Causal and Conceptual Knowledge: Implications for Clinical Reasoning
因果和概念知识:对临床推理的影响
- 批准号:
7267228 - 财政年份:2000
- 资助金额:
$ 10.4万 - 项目类别:
Causal and Conceptual Knowledge: Implications for Clinical Reasoning
因果和概念知识:对临床推理的影响
- 批准号:
7915645 - 财政年份:2000
- 资助金额:
$ 10.4万 - 项目类别:
Causal and Conceptual Knowledge: Implications for Clinical Reasoning
因果和概念知识:对临床推理的影响
- 批准号:
7392214 - 财政年份:2000
- 资助金额:
$ 10.4万 - 项目类别:
Causal and Conceptual Knowledge: Implications for Clinical Reasoning
因果和概念知识:对临床推理的影响
- 批准号:
7586276 - 财政年份:2000
- 资助金额:
$ 10.4万 - 项目类别:
CAUSAL BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE EFFECT ON CATEGORIZATION
因果背景知识对分类的影响
- 批准号:
2696658 - 财政年份:1998
- 资助金额:
$ 10.4万 - 项目类别:
EFFECTS OF CAUSAL BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE ON CATEGORIZATION
因果背景知识对分类的影响
- 批准号:
6185823 - 财政年份:1998
- 资助金额:
$ 10.4万 - 项目类别: