BIOCAT--BIOPHYSICS COLLARBORATIVE ACCESS TEAM

BIOCAT--生物物理学协作访问团队

• 批准号: 6078275
• 负责人: Grant Bunker
• 金额: $ 109.13万
• 依托单位: ILLINOIS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-09-30 至 2001-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6078275
• 关键词: X ray crystallography; X ray spectrometry; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; biomedical equipment development; biomedical resource; particle accelerators; radiation detector

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): The primary goal of BioCAT is to construct and operate facilities at Argonne National Laboratory's Advanced Photon Source to study the structure and dynamics of biological and related systems at the molecular level using x-ray synchrotron radiation, with a focus on partially ordered samples such as membranes, fibers, and solutions. The primary research techniques supported by the proposed facilities will be resonant (anomalous) and non-resonant x-ray diffraction (XRD), and x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy, with emphasis on time-resolved studies, polarized XAFS, hybrid diffraction/spectroscopic techniques, and development of novel techniques which exploit the unique properties of the APS. Instrumentation and techniques developed by BioCAT will make existing facilities more useful and productive. Modern advances in molecular biology have their roots in studies of molecular structure. Most of this work is based on macromolecular crystallography. However, most biological structures (e.g., muscle fibers, nerve myelin, connective tissues) are non-crystalline, and it is these partially ordered structures that we wish to study using the most advanced technologies. Recent technological developments on several fronts have conspired to create important new opportunities in structural biology. These key technologies include: advanced synchrotron radiation sources; 2-dimensional and higher dimensional NMR; recombinant DNA technology, especially site directed mutagenesis of proteins; and high performance computing. The BioCAT project will directly support synchrotron radiation research and will exploit high performance computing. Member scientists will exploit the remaining complementary technologies for both fundamental and applied biomedical research. BioCAT is an initiative of a national group of active researchers in academia and industry. In addition to core R&D and collaborative research projects, BioCAT facilities will be made widely available to the biophysical and biochemical research community through a peer review process. This project is specifically intended to complement the Argonne National Laboratory's Structural Biology Center (SBC), which focuses on macromolecular crystallography. A vital component of BioCAT activities will be education and training of research scientists, postdoctoral fellows, and students through short courses, workshops, technical reports, and a newsletter.

描述（改编自申请人的摘要）：主要目标 BioCAT将在阿贡国家实验室建造和运营设施 实验室的先进光子源，以研究结构和动力学 在分子水平上使用X射线对生物和相关系统进行分析 同步辐射，重点是部分有序的样品， 如膜、纤维和溶液。主要研究技术 由拟议设施支持的将是共振（异常）， 非共振X射线衍射（XRD）和X射线吸收精细结构 （XAFS）光谱，重点是时间分辨的研究，极化 XAFS，混合衍射/光谱技术，以及 开发APS独特性能的新技术。 BioCAT开发的仪器和技术将使现有的 设施更加实用和高效。 分子生物学的现代进步源于对 分子结构这项工作的大部分是基于大分子 结晶学然而，大多数生物结构（例如，肌肉 纤维、神经髓鞘、结缔组织）是非晶体的， 就是我们希望研究的这些半有序结构 最先进的技术。最近的技术发展 几条战线共同创造了重要的新机会， 结构生物学这些关键技术包括：先进的 同步辐射源;二维和高维核磁共振; 重组DNA技术，特别是定点诱变， 蛋白质;以及高性能计算。BioCAT项目将 直接支持同步辐射研究，并将利用高 性能计算成员科学家将利用剩余的 基础生物医学和应用生物医学的互补技术 research. BioCAT是一个由活跃的研究人员组成的国家小组的倡议， 学术界和工业界。除了核心研发和合作外， 研究项目，BioCAT设施将广泛提供给 生物物理和生物化学研究界通过同行评审 过程该项目旨在补充 阿贡国家实验室的结构生物学中心（SBC）， 专注于大分子晶体学。BioCAT的重要组成部分 活动将是教育和培训研究科学家， 博士后研究员和学生通过短期课程，讲习班， 技术报告和一份通讯。