BIOCAT--BIOPHYSICS COLLARBORATIVE ACCESS TEAM

描述(改编自申请人的摘要)：主要目标 BioCAT将在Argonne National建造和运营设施 实验室先进的光子源研究结构和动力学 使用x射线在分子水平上对生物和相关系统进行研究 同步辐射，重点是偏序样品，如 作为膜、纤维和溶液。主要的研究方法 由拟议的设施支持的将是共振(异常)和 非共振x射线衍射谱和x射线吸收精细结构 偏振(XAFS)光谱学，重点是时间分辨研究 XAFS、混合衍射/光谱技术和发展 利用APS独特特性的新技术。 BioCAT开发的仪器和技术将使现有的 设施更有用，生产力更高。 分子生物学的现代进展源于对 分子结构。这项工作的大部分是基于大分子的 结晶学。然而，大多数生物结构(如肌肉) 纤维、神经髓鞘、结缔组织)是非晶态的，它 是我们希望使用 最先进的技术。最新的技术发展 几条战线共同创造了重要的新机遇 结构生物学。这些关键技术包括：高级 同步辐射光源；二维和高维核磁共振； 重组DNA技术，特别是定点突变技术 蛋白质；和高性能计算。BioCAT项目将 直接支持同步辐射研究，并将利用高 性能计算。成员科学家将利用剩余的 基础生物医学和应用生物医学的互补技术 研究。 BioCAT是一个由活跃的研究人员组成的国家小组在 学术界和工业界。除了核心研发和协作 研究项目，BioCAT设施将广泛提供给 生物物理和生化研究界通过同行评审 进程。这个项目是专门用来补充 阿贡国家实验室的结构生物学中心(SBC)， 专注于大分子结晶学。BioCAT的重要组成部分 活动将是对研究科学家的教育和培训， 博士后研究员和学生通过短期课程、研讨会、 技术报告和时事通讯。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): The primary goal of BioCAT is to construct and operate facilities at Argonne National Laboratory's Advanced Photon Source to study the structure and dynamics of biological and related systems at the molecular level using x-ray synchrotron radiation, with a focus on partially ordered samples such as membranes, fibers, and solutions. The primary research techniques supported by the proposed facilities will be resonant (anomalous) and non-resonant x-ray diffraction (XRD), and x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy, with emphasis on time-resolved studies, polarized XAFS, hybrid diffraction/spectroscopic techniques, and development of novel techniques which exploit the unique properties of the APS. Instrumentation and techniques developed by BioCAT will make existing facilities more useful and productive. Modern advances in molecular biology have their roots in studies of molecular structure. Most of this work is based on macromolecular crystallography. However, most biological structures (e.g., muscle fibers, nerve myelin, connective tissues) are non-crystalline, and it is these partially ordered structures that we wish to study using the most advanced technologies. Recent technological developments on several fronts have conspired to create important new opportunities in structural biology. These key technologies include: advanced synchrotron radiation sources; 2-dimensional and higher dimensional NMR; recombinant DNA technology, especially site directed mutagenesis of proteins; and high performance computing. The BioCAT project will directly support synchrotron radiation research and will exploit high performance computing. Member scientists will exploit the remaining complementary technologies for both fundamental and applied biomedical research. BioCAT is an initiative of a national group of active researchers in academia and industry. In addition to core R&D and collaborative research projects, BioCAT facilities will be made widely available to the biophysical and biochemical research community through a peer review process. This project is specifically intended to complement the Argonne National Laboratory's Structural Biology Center (SBC), which focuses on macromolecular crystallography. A vital component of BioCAT activities will be education and training of research scientists, postdoctoral fellows, and students through short courses, workshops, technical reports, and a newsletter.