Henry the Young King (1155-1183): Kingship, Succession and Rebellion in the Angevin Empire

年轻的亨利国王（1155-1183）：安茹帝国的王权，继承和叛乱是一个世纪以来第一本关于英格兰国王和安茹帝国统治者亨利二世（1154-1189）的长子和主要继承人的完整研究。在他父亲的一生中，为了确保继承权，他在15岁时加冕，但随后被亨利二世拒绝独立统治，小亨利随后在1173-4年和1183年的叛乱引发了他父亲统治时期最严重的两次危机。本研究利用年轻亨利动荡的职业生涯来探索金雀花王朝王权的本质，在安杰文“帝国”发展的背景下，预期加冕的概念，共管公寓和王朝分裂的概念。书中考察了年轻的亨利作为受圣职国王的身份如何造成了前所未有的忠诚分歧，其象征是两个王室和宫廷之间经常存在的分歧，以及这如何影响了叛乱的发动，以及他的支持的性质，这些叛乱来自金雀花王朝和亨利二世领地内的不满分子，以及他的外部盟友，如他的岳父，法国的路易七世。1183年，他在与父亲和弟弟理查交战期间英年早逝，许多同时代的作家指责他是一个叛逆者和忘恩负义的人，是第二个押沙龙。他们的判断导致了历史学家对他的相对忽视，而倾向于他的弟弟理查和约翰，他们以自己的权利统治。相比之下，这个项目认为年轻的国王对他父亲的政策至关重要，并询问他的起义在多大程度上不是个人对抗的产物，而是政治结构中继承和权力下放本质上的系统性失败，这些政治结构依赖于个人统治来团结松散的领主联盟。而且，许多同时代的人认为亨利是骑士精神，彬彬有礼和慷慨大方的代表，是安杰文王权的另一种更容易被接受的面貌。通过探索他在比赛中的角色和对作家（如chracritien de Troyes）的影响，对这位年轻国王的研究让我们重新评估了12世纪后期的骑士社会，并提供了一个新的棱镜，通过它来审视安茹王朝政权在其权力巅峰时期的继承、王朝竞争和叛乱的本质。

Henry the Young King (1155-1183): Kingship, Succession and Rebellion in the Angevin Empire is the first full length study for a century of the eldest son and principal heir of Henry II (1154-1189), king of England and ruler of the Angevin 'empire'. Crowned in his father's lifetime when only fifteen in order to secure the succession, but then denied any independent rule by Henry II, young Henry's subsequent rebellions in 1173-4 and 1183 precipitated two of the gravest crises of his father's reign. This study uses the turbulent career of young Henry to explore the nature of Plantagenet kingship, concepts of anticipatory coronation and of condominium and dynastic division within the context of the growth of the Angevin 'empire'. It examines how the young Henry's status as an anointed king created unprecedented divisions of loyalty, symbolized by the existence of two royal households and courts often at odds with each other, and how this affected the waging of rebellion, and the nature of his support, both from disaffected elements within the Plantagenet lands, and Henry II's domains, and from external allies such as his father-in-law, Louis VII of France. His untimely death in 1183, while in arms against his father and his younger brother Richard, led many contemporary writers to castigate him as a rebel and ingrate, a second Absalom, and their judgments have contributed to his comparative neglect by historians in favour of his younger brothers Richard and John who reigned in their own right. By contrast, this project argues for the Young King's central importance to his father's policies, and asks how far his insurrections were less the product of personal antagonisms than of systemic failures in the nature of succession and devolution of power in political structures dependent on personal rule to unite a loose coalition of lordships. Many contemporaries, moreover, regarded Henry as the epitome of chivalry, courtliness and generosity, an alternative and more acceptable face of Angevin kingship. By exploring his role in the tournament and influence on writers such as Chrétien de Troyes, a study of the Young King allows a reappraisal of chivalric society in the later twelfth century and affords a fresh prism through which to examine the nature of succession, dynastic rivalry and rebellion in the Angevin polity at the height of its power.