Henry the Young King (1155-1183): Kingship, Succession and Rebellion in the Angevin Empire

《年轻的国王亨利（1155-1183）：安茹帝国的王权、继承和叛乱》是一个世纪以来对英格兰国王和安茹帝国统治者亨利二世（1154-1189）长子和主要继承人的第一次全面研究。为了确保王位继承权，小亨利二世在父亲在世时加冕，当时他只有15岁，但后来否认了他的独立统治。小亨利二世随后在1173- 1174年和1183年发动的叛乱引发了父亲统治时期最严重的两次危机。本研究使用动荡的职业生涯，年轻的亨利探索的性质Plenenet王权，概念的预期加冕礼和共管和王朝分裂的背景下，安茹“帝国”的增长。它考察了年轻的亨利作为一个受膏国王的地位如何创造了前所未有的忠诚分裂，象征着两个皇家和法院的存在往往是相互矛盾的，以及这如何影响了叛乱的发动，以及他的支持的性质，无论是从Plenquenet土地内的不满分子，亨利二世的领域，以及从外部盟友，如他的岳父，路易七世他在1183年英年早逝，而在武器对他的父亲和他的弟弟理查德，导致许多当代作家鞭挞他作为一个反叛和忘恩负义，第二押沙龙，和他们的判断作出了贡献，他比较忽视历史学家赞成他的弟弟理查德和约翰谁统治在自己的权利。相比之下，这个项目认为，年轻的国王的核心重要性，他父亲的政策，并问他的叛乱在多大程度上不是个人对抗的产物，而不是在继承和权力下放的政治结构依赖于个人统治，团结一个松散的贵族联盟的性质的系统性失败。此外，许多同时代的人认为亨利是骑士精神、彬彬有礼和慷慨大方的缩影，是安茹王权的另一面，更容易被接受。通过探讨他在比武大会中的作用以及对克雷蒂安·德·特鲁瓦等作家的影响，对这位年轻国王的研究可以重新评估12世纪后期的骑士社会，并提供一个新的视角，通过它来审视安茹政体在其权力顶峰时的继承、王朝竞争和叛乱的性质。

Henry the Young King (1155-1183): Kingship, Succession and Rebellion in the Angevin Empire is the first full length study for a century of the eldest son and principal heir of Henry II (1154-1189), king of England and ruler of the Angevin 'empire'. Crowned in his father's lifetime when only fifteen in order to secure the succession, but then denied any independent rule by Henry II, young Henry's subsequent rebellions in 1173-4 and 1183 precipitated two of the gravest crises of his father's reign. This study uses the turbulent career of young Henry to explore the nature of Plantagenet kingship, concepts of anticipatory coronation and of condominium and dynastic division within the context of the growth of the Angevin 'empire'. It examines how the young Henry's status as an anointed king created unprecedented divisions of loyalty, symbolized by the existence of two royal households and courts often at odds with each other, and how this affected the waging of rebellion, and the nature of his support, both from disaffected elements within the Plantagenet lands, and Henry II's domains, and from external allies such as his father-in-law, Louis VII of France. His untimely death in 1183, while in arms against his father and his younger brother Richard, led many contemporary writers to castigate him as a rebel and ingrate, a second Absalom, and their judgments have contributed to his comparative neglect by historians in favour of his younger brothers Richard and John who reigned in their own right. By contrast, this project argues for the Young King's central importance to his father's policies, and asks how far his insurrections were less the product of personal antagonisms than of systemic failures in the nature of succession and devolution of power in political structures dependent on personal rule to unite a loose coalition of lordships. Many contemporaries, moreover, regarded Henry as the epitome of chivalry, courtliness and generosity, an alternative and more acceptable face of Angevin kingship. By exploring his role in the tournament and influence on writers such as Chrétien de Troyes, a study of the Young King allows a reappraisal of chivalric society in the later twelfth century and affords a fresh prism through which to examine the nature of succession, dynastic rivalry and rebellion in the Angevin polity at the height of its power.