Young People, Criticality and Figurative Language

年轻人、批判性和比喻语言

• 批准号: AH/Z505821/1
• 负责人: Alice Deignan
• 金额: $ 104.92万
• 依托单位: University of Leeds
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2024 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FZ505821%2F1
• 关键词: Young; People; Criticality; Figurative; Language

This project will contribute to knowledge about figurative language understanding and use among 9-13 year olds, termed 'tweens'. Tweens are at a vulnerable stage of life as they turn outwards from their immediate caregivers, and become subject to a range of external influences. This is also a critical time for social and educational development. The processing and production of figurative language have been researched in adults, and to a lesser extent, younger children (e.g. Carriedo et al., 2016), but the tween years have received little attention. Figurative language, largely but not solely metaphor, has been shown to be central in framing ideas and knowledge (Lakoff 1993). This means that we have limited knowledge about to what extent tweens are able to understand and use a major tool for thought and communication.The project will investigate tweens' understanding and use of the framing function of figurative language in two related areas: ideological arguments and new concepts. The first is important because through digital technology and social media, tweens almost everywhere have unprecedented unsupervised access to content from sources that may seek to distort and falsify reality. Wodak & Krzyzànowski (2017) argue that digital and social media are factors in the recent surge in right-wing populism and racism. Iyengar & Massey (2019) claim that misinformation, facilitated by the proliferation of internet news platforms, undermines faith in scientific findings. Musolff (2023) exemplifies the role of metaphor in misinformation, showing how Trump harnessed the widespread framing of the Covid-19 pandemic as a war to develop a metaphorical 'wartime president fighting against the China virus' scenario (2023: 263). This alluded to World War 2, cast China as a national enemy and was used to justify the US defunding of the World Health Organisation. The second function we research is the framing of new, especially abstract and non-immediate concepts. It is widely agreed that metaphors underlie many of the ways in which we think and talk about the abstract. They are often used as pedagogical tools in the classroom (e.g. Cameron, 2002), but there is relatively little research into how students understand them (Littlemore, 2017).The project will produce fine-grained descriptions of:the forms and functions of figurative language used in written texts and spoken discourse that tweens are likely to access in social and educational settings; tween readers' and listeners' reports of their understandings of such figurative language; the forms and functions of figurative language used by tweens in social and educational settings; tweens' reflections on their use of figurative language. We will thus develop a detailed description of figurative language used with and by tweens, and of their awareness of its potential framing functions. The project will make important contributions to metaphor theory within cognitive linguistics. The findings will have significance outside academia, for instance, in critical literacy education, which seeks to enable young people to engage thoughtfully with news and social media, with awareness of possibly distorted and false narratives (McDougall, 2019), and in science education, where pedagogical uses of metaphor are frequent.

该项目将有助于了解9-13岁的年轻人中的象征性语言理解和使用，称为“二元”。当二聚友从直接护理人员向外转动并受到一系列外部影响时，他们处于脆弱的生活阶段。这也是社会和教育发展的关键时刻。成年人已经研究了比喻语言的处理和生产，在较小程度上，年幼的孩子（例如Carrido等，2016），但推文年很少受到关注。象征性语言在很大程度上，但不是唯一的隐喻，在框架思想和知识中已被证明是核心（Lakoff 1993）。这意味着我们对推文能够理解和使用主要工具进行思想和交流的知识有限。该项目将研究Tweets在两个相关领域中对图形语言的框架功能的理解和使用：理想化的论点和新概念。第一个很重要，因为通过数字技术和社交媒体，几乎所有地方的推文都毫无前所未有地从可能寻求扭曲和伪造现实的来源的内容访问。 Wodak＆Krzyzànowski（2017）认为，数字和社交媒体是最近右翼民粹主义和种族主义激增的因素。 Iyengar＆Massey（2019）声称，通过互联网新闻平台的扩散准备的错误信息破坏了对科学发现的信念。 Musolff（2023）表明了隐喻在错误信息中的作用，这表明特朗普如何利用Covid-19-19的大流行的宽度框架是发展隐喻的“战时“战时总统”对抗中国病毒的情况（2023：263）的战争。这暗示了第二次世界大战，将中国视为民族敌人，并被用来证明美国对世界卫生组织的资助是合理的。我们研究的第二个功能是新的，尤其是抽象和非Immediate概念的框架。普遍认为，隐喻是我们思考和谈论摘要的许多方式。它们通常被用作课堂上的教学工具（例如Cameron，2002年），但是对学生如何理解它们的研究相对较少（Littlemore，2017年）。该项目将产生精细的描述：在书面文本中使用的形象性语言的形式和功能，并且在书面文本和讲话中可能会在社交和教育设置中访问推文；推文很可能在社会和教育环境中访问；推文读者和听众对这种象征性语言的理解的报告；推文在社会和教育环境中使用的象征性语言的形式和功能；推文对它们使用比喻语言的思考。因此，我们将对与推文一起使用和通过推文使用的形象性语言进行详细描述及其对其潜在框架功能的认识。该项目将对认知语言学中的隐喻理论做出重要贡献。这些发现将在批判性的扫盲教育中具有重要的外部学术界，该教育旨在使年轻人认识到可能扭曲和虚假叙事的新闻和社交媒体（McDougall，2019年），而在科学教育中，对代码的教学用途经常是经常进行的。