WORKING CLASS WOMEN--NEGOTIATING JOBS AND PARENTHOOD

工薪阶层妇女——谈判工作和养育孩子

• 批准号: 2890902
• 负责人: MAUREEN A PERRY-JENKINS
• 金额: $ 13.22万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-06-01 至 2001-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2890902
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; child care; dyadic interaction; employment of women; female; human subject; infant human (0-1 year); interpersonal relations; interview; longitudinal human study; mother child interaction; psychological adaptation; quality of life; sex roles; social adjustment; social class; social support network; women's health

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): Mothers with infants have become an increasingly large subgroup of working women with approximately 44 percent of women returning to the labor force within six months of the birth of their first child (O'Connell, 1989). Given that approximately 38 percent of families in the United States fall into the working-class category (U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1988), it is important to examine how couples with fewer financial resources and less access to family-friendly workplaces manage to care for their infants and hold down full-time jobs. The goal of the proposed longitudinal study is to examine how both the transition to parenthood and the return of mothers to paid employment within six months of their child's birth affect the psychological well-being and marital relationships of working- class women and men. The specific objectives are: (1) to examine how women's and men's well-being and marital relationships change as they experience the transitions to parenthood and back to paid employment, (2) to identify factors that mediate the effects of these multiple transitions on parents' psychological well-being; factors such as social support, gender ideology, access to quality child care, expectations about parenthood, martial quality, and characteristics of the child, (3) to examine how women's and men's work and family roles and responsibilities change across the transition to parenthood and again when new mothers return to the workforce, and (4) to determine the effects of family-friendly workplace policies on women's and men's psychological well-being. The proposed study involves five occasions of measurement for 150 working-class women and their husbands experiencing the transition to parenthood and mothers return to the work force within the first 6 months of the child's birth. The first interview will take place in the third trimester of pregnancy. The second interview will occur after the baby is born but prior to the mother's return to work. The third interview will occur within two weeks of mother's return to work and a fourth telephone interview will take place at six months postpartum for all mothers. Finally, a one year follow-up will be conducted to determine the long term effects of both positive and negative transitions on women's psychological health and family relationships.

描述（改编自申请人的摘要）：有婴儿的母亲 已经成为一个日益庞大的职业女性群体 大约 44% 的女性在 他们的第一个孩子出生后六个月（O'Connell，1989）。 给定 大约 38% 的美国家庭属于 工人阶级类别（美国人口普查局，1988） 重要的是要检查经济资源较少且收入较少的夫妇如何 进入家庭友好型工作场所 设法照顾婴儿 并保留全职工作。 拟议的纵向目标 研究的目的是探讨向为人父母的过渡和回归如何 母亲在孩子出生后六个月内找到有酬工作 影响工作人员的心理健康和婚姻关系 阶级妇女和男子。 具体目标是：（1）研究如何 女性和男性的福祉和婚姻关系随着年龄的增长而发生变化 经历为人父母和重返有酬工作的过渡， (2) 确定介导这些多重影响的因素 父母心理健康的转变；社会等因素 支持、性别意识形态、获得优质儿童保育的机会、期望 关于为人父母、武术素质和孩子的特征，(3) 研究女性和男性的工作和家庭角色，以及 在为人父母的过程中，责任发生了变化 当新妈妈重返职场时，以及 (4) 确定 家庭友好型工作场所政策对女性和男性的影响 心理健康。 拟议的研究涉及五次 对 150 名工薪阶层女性及其丈夫进行的测量 过渡到为人父母和母亲重返劳动力队伍 孩子出生后的前 6 个月。 第一次面试将进行 发生在妊娠晚期。 第二次面试将 发生在婴儿出生后、母亲重返工作岗位之前。 第三次面试将在母亲返回后两周内进行 工作和第四次电话面试将在六个月后进行 适合所有妈妈的产后。 最后，将进行一年的随访 进行以确定积极和长期影响 对女性心理健康和家庭的负面转变 关系。