UNINTENDED PREGNANCY EFFECTS ON CHILD DEVELOPMENT

描述：意外怀孕与产前检查不足有关。 低出生体重，以及婴儿死亡、儿童 虐待和发育缺陷。 无意间的联系 怀孕和儿童发育导致专家建议增加 努力减少意外怀孕。 然而，有证据表明， 意外怀孕会导致不良的出生和发育结果， 令人惊讶的稀疏。 拟议的研究将实证调查之间的因果关系， 意外怀孕和儿童健康与发育，以及不利的父母 影响儿童健康和发展的行为。 拟议研究 在几个方面改进了以前的研究。 首先，研究人员使用 两个互补的数据来源：NLS和NMIHS。 的两个来源 数据扩大了可以分析的结果的数量，使我们能够 测试拟议研究结果的可靠性。 二是 调查人员利用兄弟姐妹和堂兄弟姐妹的信息来控制 对于与儿童结局和意外相关的未观察到的因素， 怀孕 先前的研究没有充分控制混杂因素 家庭和社会背景的影响。 最后，调查人员提供 * 关于拒绝堕胎的研究与 分析关于怀孕意愿的调查问题。 虽然研究表明， 表明堕胎的可行性与非意愿生育有关， 没有人试图将堕胎的可获得性纳入一项 分析意外生育的后果。 本研究提出了以下问题：1）是否存在 意外怀孕与儿童发育的关系？ 2)这是 从不同数据源提取的样本之间的关系是否稳健？ 第三章 意外出生与儿童发育之间的关系是否会发生变化 当一个人控制了与家庭环境有关的未观察到的因素时？ 四、 获得堕胎的机会与人口普查措施之间的关系是什么？ 怀孕意向？ 5)是否有证据表明，意外出生， 在调查中衡量，在两者之间的关系中发挥中介作用 堕胎和儿童发展？ 还是堕胎的机会 直接影响孩子的发育，保持怀孕 出生的目的？ 6)怀孕测量的时间是否 意图（事后与事前）改变对 怀孕对孩子的影响。

DESCRIPTION: Unintended pregnancy has been linked to less adequate prenatal care, low birth weight, as well as increased risk of infant mortality, child abuse and developmental deficits. The association between unintended pregnancy and child development has lead experts to recommend increased efforts to reduced unintended pregnancy. However, evidence on whether unintended pregnancies cause adverse birth and developmental outcomes is surprisingly sparse. The proposed research will investigate empirically the causal link between unintended pregnancy and child health and development, and adverse parental behaviors that affect child health and development. The proposed research improves on previous studies in several ways. First, the investigators use two complementary sources of data: the NLS and NMIHS. The two sources of data broaden the number of outcomes that may be analyzed and allow us to test the robustness of the findings of the proposed study. Second, the investigators exploit information on siblings and first cousins to control for unobserved factors related to both child outcomes and unintended pregnancy. Prior studies have not adequately controlled for the confounding effects of family and social background. Finally, the investigators provide a conceptual and empirical link between studies of denied abortion and analyses of survey questions on pregnancy intentions. Although research has suggested that abortion availability is related to unwanted childbearing, there has been no attempt to incorporate abortion availability into an analysis of the consequences of unintended births. The proposed research addresses the following questions: 1) Is there a relationship between unintended pregnancy and child development? 2) Is this relationship robust across samples drawn from different data sources? 3) Does the relationship between unintended births and child development change when one controls for unobserved factors related to family environment? 4) What is the relationship between access to abortion and survey measures of pregnancy intentions? 5) Is there evidence that unintended births, as measured in surveys, play a mediating role in the relationship between abortion access and child development? Or does access to abortion have a direct effect on child development, holding constant the pregnancy intentions of the birth? 6) Does the timing of the measurement of pregnancy intentions (ex post versus ex ante) change estimates of the effect of pregnancy intentions on child outcomes.