权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

A Corpus of Curses: Aggressive Incantation Texts in Jewish Aramaic from Late Antiquity

诅咒语料库：古代晚期犹太阿拉姆语中攻击性的咒语文本

基本信息

批准号：
AH/H034145/1
负责人：
Dan Levene
金额：
$ 9.2万
依托单位：
University of Southampton
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Fellowship
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2010 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FH034145%2F1
关键词：
Corpus Curses Aggressive Incantation Texts

项目摘要

The main aim of this application is to get the chance to bring to completion a major research output that is the product of the work of a number of years. This output is a monograph in which the corpus of all known Jewish Aramaic magic bowl incantation curse texts will be assembled, presented in scientific editions and discussed at length. These texts belong to the Jews of late antique (c. 4th -7th century CE) Mesopotamia, geographically known today as Iraq, who constituted a large minority within the Persian Empire; estimated by some to have been as large as one million. This period is significant as it marks the end of a time of development that precedes the rise of Islam. Amongst the most significant documentary heritage of this period are the literary productions of the Jews, namely the Palestinian and Babylonian Talmuds. These highly stylised compilations of sources gathered over a period of hundreds of years received their final editing only in the early medieval period. The other great source the Jews of this period have left us are the Hebrew and Aramaic amulets. From the Roman west but a few have survived, from the Persian east, however, we have a wealth of incantation literature; these are the Jewish Aramaic magic bowl incantation texts to which the collection of curses my study is dedicated to belong. The considerable impact these texts are having on the study of the late antique near east is only now beginning to be appreciated as the wealth of content found in them and their importance for linguistic research is being realised. The slow, but steady, accumulation of reliable editions of these texts has now reached a stage whereby the varieties of its content (religious, linguistic, historic, folkloric, etc) and importance to scholarship can no longer be ignored. To date most of the scholastic effort in this area has been directed at producing reliable text editions; an arduous labour as these texts are often long and elaborate and are written in dialects and scripts that are very difficult to decipher and only partially known. The priority has been to provide access to scholars of late antique history, religion, Semitic philology and anthropology. Secondary studies of the material are still in their infancy and are few in number. It is a matter of urgency that the editing of these texts be supported as it is by far the richest Jewish Aramaic source of manuscripts for this period - as opposed to other material that has survived only in manuscripts that have been edited and redacted hundreds of years later (such as the Talmuds). The Jewish Aramaic magic bowl incantation texts, of which over a thousand are known to exist, are apotropaic - reputed to have the power of averting evil influence or ill luck. The evil influences they purport to rebut are overwhelmingly of a supernatural nature, yet there are a minority of texts in which a human origin to these ills is identified by name; essentially curses. A monograph that will include a reliable edition of all the known texts of a sub genre such as these curses, accompanied by a discussion of them affords a rare opportunity to study a defined and manageable group of texts. For the greater corpus of the few hundreds of published texts are harder to cope with as a group in their totality at this early stage of their research. An AHRC Fellowship Scheme would allow me to complete an important monograph which will be a significant contribution to scholarship. It would also afford me the opportunity to build on a growing public interest in my research by producing a number of other outcomes aimed at wider audiences. These will include a popular introduction to the subject to be published on the website of the Virtual Magic Bowl Archive, a contribution to a museum catalogue and a series of lectures on the topic.

这项申请的主要目的是有机会完成一项重要的研究成果，这是多年来工作的产物。这是一本专著，其中所有已知的犹太阿拉姆语魔法碗咒语咒语文本的语料库将汇编在一起，以科学版本呈现并进行详细讨论。这些文本属于晚期古董(公元4-7世纪)美索不达米亚的犹太人，今天在地理上被称为伊拉克，他们构成了波斯帝国内的一个巨大的少数民族；一些人估计有一百万之多。这一时期意义重大，因为它标志着伊斯兰教兴起之前的一个发展时代的结束。这一时期最重要的文献遗产是犹太人的文学作品，即巴勒斯坦和巴比伦塔木德。这些经过数百年时间收集的高度风格化的资料汇编直到中世纪早期才得到最后的编辑。这一时期的犹太人留给我们的另一个重要来源是希伯来语和亚拉姆语的护身符。然而，我们有丰富的咒语文献；这些是犹太亚拉姆语魔法碗咒语文本，我的研究致力于将其归入其中。这些文本对晚期近东古董研究产生的相当大的影响直到现在才开始被认识到，因为它们中发现的丰富内容以及它们对语言研究的重要性正在被认识到。这些文本可靠版本的缓慢但稳定的积累现在已经到了一个阶段，其内容的多样性(宗教、语言、历史、民俗等)和对学术的重要性不能再被忽视。到目前为止，这一领域的大部分学术努力都集中在制作可靠的文本版本上；这是一项艰巨的工作，因为这些文本往往又长又详细，而且是用方言和手稿写成的，这些方言和手稿很难破译，而且只有一部分人知道。优先考虑的是为研究晚期古董历史、宗教、闪族文献学和人类学的学者提供途径。对该材料的二次研究仍处于初级阶段，数量很少。这是一个紧迫的问题，这些文本的编辑得到支持，因为它是迄今为止最丰富的犹太阿拉姆语手稿来源为这一时期-而不是其他材料，只有在手稿中幸存下来，已被编辑和节录数百年后(如塔木德)。犹太阿拉姆语魔法碗咒语文本，其中已知存在超过1000个，是背道而驰的-据说有避免邪恶影响或厄运的力量。他们声称要反驳的邪恶影响具有压倒性的超自然性质，然而在少数文本中，通过名字来确定这些疾病的人类起源；本质上是诅咒。一部包括所有已知文本的可靠版本的专著，例如这些诅咒，并伴随着对它们的讨论，为研究一组明确和可管理的文本提供了难得的机会。因为在研究的早期阶段，数百篇已出版文本的庞大语料库很难作为一个整体处理。AHRC奖学金计划将使我能够完成一本重要的专著，这将是对学术的重大贡献。这也为我提供了一个机会，通过产生一些针对更广泛受众的其他结果，来加强公众对我的研究日益增长的兴趣。其中包括将在虚拟魔力碗档案馆网站上发布的关于这一主题的受欢迎的介绍、对博物馆目录的贡献以及关于这一主题的一系列讲座。