The Common Frame of Reference on European Contract Law in the Context of English and German Law

2008年4月18日，欧洲联盟理事会批准建立一个关于欧洲合同法的共同参照框架。CFR是“合同法领域的一套定义、一般原则和现代规则”。它的主要目的是“一个更好地制定法律的工具”，应该指导立法者。它还可以构成关于合同法的直接适用规则的基础，也许可以采用任择文书的形式。从长远来看，它甚至可能成为未来欧洲民法典的基础。目前的研究提案着眼于这一CFR与欧盟成员国法律之间的关系，德国和英国的法律就是例证。它将研究这些规则将如何与其运作的法律环境相互作用。CFR规则将必须与CFR范围之外的合同法国内规则相衔接，也必须与国内财产法、侵权行为法和不当得利法相衔接。他们将不得不在不同的程序法的背景下工作。CFR还将作为成员国立法和法官制定合同法改革的标准，并将影响国内合同规则的解释。该提案包括对CFR的一种特殊用途的案例研究。例如，一种可选工具可允许消费者通过点击“蓝色按钮”，为其与企业的电子距离销售合同选择基于CFR的规则。案例研究将调查这将对其他规则产生的广泛影响，例如司法管辖权、法律选择、物权法、不正当竞争法，以及控制标准条款的集体诉讼程序。

On 18 April 2008, the Council of the European Union endorsed the creation of a Common Frame of Reference on European Contract Law (CFR). The CFR is "a set of definitions, general principles and moden rules in the field of contract law". It is primarily intended as "a tool for better law making', which should guide the legislator. It could furthermore form the basis of directly applicable rules on contract law, perhaps in the form of an optional instrument. In the long run, it might even serve as the basis of a future European Civil Code. The present research proposal looks at the relationship between this CFR and the laws of EU member states, as exemplified by German and English law. It will look at how these rules will interact with the legal environment in which they are to operate. CFR rules will have to dovetail with domestic rules on contract law outside the scope of the CFR, and also with domestic property, tort and unjust enrichment law. They will have to work in the context of different procedural laws. The CFR will also serve as a yardstick for legislative and judge made contract law reform in the Member States, and will influence the interpretation of domestic contract rules. The proposal includes a case study on one particular use which could be made of the CFR. An optional instrument could allow e.g. consumers to choose CFR based rules for their electronic distance sales contract with a business by clicking on a "blue button". The case study is to investigate on the wide-ranging repercussions this will have on other rules e.g. on jurisdiction, choice of law, property law, unfair competition law, and for collective proceedings for the control of standard terms