NEURAL SUBSTRATES OF MEMORY AND SEMANTIC PROCESSING

这项建议的主要目标是提供对 大脑中负责内隐和外显记忆的区域 领域和单词水平的词汇-语义加工。 该项目将结合神经心理学和事件相关 脑电位(ERP)方法用于阐明相关争议 重复和语义启动效应的位置和持续时间， 记忆编码和提取的时间进程以及记忆编码和提取的性质 概念记忆存储(即，非模式或特定于通道)。我们的 以前的研究表明，左侧和右侧的颞下- 枕区是视觉词汇启动的关键区域。其他结果 显示下前额叶皮质及邻近脑区受损 地区在词汇-语义加工中产生显著的障碍 在词汇判断中观察到的事件相关电位幅度的降低 任务。在目前的提案中，我们将研究一组患有 记忆或语言能力方面的明显缺陷。这些患者有 (1)前额叶皮质，(2)核磁共振证实的局灶性病变 颞顶交界区，(3)颞枕下纹外区 脑区，或(4)海马区。两组实验是 建议：(1)对照和患者的行为和事件相关电位研究 系统检查神经解剖学和神经生理学 内隐和外显记忆的基础；(Ii)行为和事件相关电位 词汇和图片语义启动的研究将会比较词汇 失语症患者和非失语症患者的概念加工。这 该项目将提供丰富的神经解剖学和 记忆和语义加工的电生理基础，这 对于更好地理解这些操作是如何进行的至关重要 受衰老、精神疾病和神经退行性疾病的影响，以及 神经上的侮辱。《后备认知》的认知能力模式 这些患者对未来的应用非常感兴趣 制定改进的康复战略。

The primary goal of this proposal is to provide further insight into the brain regions responsible for implicit and explicit memory in the verbal domain and lexical-semantic processing at the level of single words. The project will utilize a combined neuropsychological and event-related brain potential (ERP) approach to illuminate controversies surrounding the location and duration of repetition and semantic priming effects, the time course of memory encoding and retrieval, and the nature of conceptual memory stores (i.e., amodal or modality specific). Our previous studies suggested that both left and right inferior temporal- occipital regions are critical for visual word priming. Other results demonstrated that damage to inferior prefrontal cortex and adjacent regions produces significant impairments in lexical-semantic processing and reductions in the amplitude of ERPs observed in a lexical decision task. In the current proposal, we will study groups of patients with defined deficits in memory or language abilities. These patients have focal, MRI-confirmed lesions in subregions of (1) prefrontal cortex, (2) temporal-parietal junction, (3) inferior temporal-occipital extrastriate regions, or (4) hippocampal formation. Two sets of experiments are proposed: (1) Behavioral and ERP studies in controls and patients will systematically examine the neuroanatomical and neurophysiological substrates of implicit and explicit memory; (II) Behavioral and ERP studies of semantic priming for words and pictures will compare lexical and conceptual processing in patients with and without aphasia. This project will provide a wealth of data on the neuroanatomical and elecrophysiological substrates of memory and semantic processing, which are essential for a greater understanding of how these operations are affected by aging, psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, and neurological insults. The pattern of spared cognitive abilities in these patients is of great interest with future applications in the development of improved rehabilitation strategies.