DELAY OF GRATIFICATION--SUBSTANCE USE/ABUSE/DEPENDENCE

描述：（申请人摘要） 这项研究将调查 延迟满足的意愿/能力以及物质使用、滥用和 依赖性，以及与持续性相关的其他风险因素 青少年和年轻人使用药物、滥用和依赖。 通过对8 - 12年级学生的初步横断面调查和计划中的 后续在不久的将来，研究人员试图检查因素 与进一步参与物质使用、滥用或依赖有关 经过实验使用，并朝着基本理论迈出了重要的一步 上瘾的人格。 本研究的具体目的包括：（1） 协调延迟满足的各种概念，并制定一个 可靠和有效的仪器来测量多组分的概念，基于 在纸笔仪器和一些行为观察;（2）， 探索延迟的意愿/能力之间的关系 青少年的满足感和物质参与程度;（3） 系统地研究与进一步的 参与药物使用、滥用和依赖， 特别是延迟满足的意愿/能力的作用; (4)研究延迟满足成分与 以及已知的药物使用/滥用风险因素，如压力应对 策略，问题行为和有害的生活方式;并评估他们的 （5）在物质使用/滥用的病因学中发挥作用;（5）检查 延迟满足的意愿/能力与 物质使用和滥用的停止和复发。 这些目标将是 通过对110名10年级学生进行仪器开发的预测试， 对1,000名8至12年级学生进行了基于学校的横断面调查， 对80-100名寻求治疗同龄青少年的补充样本 或咨询服务的物质相关的问题。 相关性， 方差分析，多元回归和logit分析，以及结构 方程模型，将被用来检查一系列的假设，这些 关系。 对药物预防和治疗的重大影响 计划，并为其他健康相关行为的研究是 预期。

DESCRIPTION: (Applicant's Abstract) The proposed research will investigate the relationships between the willingness/ability to delay gratification and substance use, abuse and dependence, as well as other risk factors associated with continuous substance use, abuse and dependence by adolescents and young adults. Through an initial cross-sectional survey of 8th-12th graders and a planned follow-up in the near future, the investigator attempts to examine factors associated with further involvement in substance use, abuse or dependence after experimental use, and to make a significant step toward a basic theory of addictive personality. The specific aims of the research include: ( 1 ) to reconcile various concepts in delay of gratification and to develop a reliable and valid instrument to measure the multi-component concept, based on a paper-pencil instrument and some behavioral observations; (2) to explore the relationships between the willingness/ability to delay gratification and the degree of substance involvement among adolescents; (3) to examine systematically the risk factors associated with further involvement in substance use, abuse and dependence, given lifetime use, particularly the roles of the willingness/ability to delay gratification; (4) to investigate the association between delay of gratification components and the known risk factors of substance use/abuse, such as stress-coping strategies, problem behavior, and harmful life-styles; and to evaluate their assumed roles in the etiology of substance use/abuse; (5) to inspect the relations between the willingness/ability to delay gratification and cessation and relapse of substance use and abuse. These aims will be achieved through a pre-test of 110 10th grader for instrument development, a school-based cross-sectional survey of 1,000 8th to 12th graders and a supplemental sample of 80-100 same-age adolescents who are seeking treatment or counseling services for substance-related problems. The correlation, ANOVA, multivariate regression and logit analyses, as well as structural equation models, will be used to examine a series of hypotheses on these relationships. Significant implications for drug prevention and treatment programs, and for the study of other health-related behaviors are anticipated.