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The Reception of Avicennan Philosophy in the Twelfth Century: Al-Mas'udi's Doubts on Avicenna

十二世纪阿维森纳哲学的接受：马斯乌迪对阿维森纳的怀疑

基本信息

批准号：
AH/J000140/1
负责人：
Ayman Shihadeh
金额：
$ 2.76万
依托单位：
School of Oriental and African Studies
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Fellowship
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2012 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FJ000140%2F1
关键词：
Reception Avicennan Philosophy Twelfth Century

项目摘要

This project explores one of the most pivotal yet understudied phases in the history of medieval Arabic philosophy. Concentrating on the recently-identified 'Ghazalian' current, which took its cue from al-Ghazali's (d. 1111) criticism of the philosophical tradition in his 'Incoherence of the Philosophers', it investigates (i) the reception of the philosophical system of Avicenna (d. 1037), the most important medieval Arabic philosopher, and (ii) its interaction with Ash'ari theology in the east of the Muslim world during the twelfth century. This period marks the transition from the 'classical' phase of Arabic philosophy and Islamic theology to the 'post-classical' phase characterised by the rise and dominance of a tradition of philosophical theology, which continued to thrive until the early modern period.The main outcome of the project will be a monograph that concentrates on the most important text representing this Ghazalian current. Written by Sharaf al-Din al-Mas'udi (d. ca. 1190), a key but hitherto-unstudied figure, the 'Doubts on the Pointers' is the first in a long series of commentaries on Avicenna's widely-read philosophical work the 'Pointers'. Al-Mas'udi's book consists of critical commentaries on selected sections from the physical and metaphysical parts of the 'Pointers', and exhibits the influence of earlier critics of Avicenna, particularly al-Ghazali and the philosopher Abu l-Barakat al-Baghdadi (d. 1165). Rejecting several major Avicennan doctrines and arguments (especially concerning psychology and perception, hylomorphism and the nature of the Necessary Existent) the author proposes alternative, philosophically interesting theories, which ultimately serve to harmonise Avicennan philosophy with, and to integrate it in, the Ash'ari theological system.Al-Mas'udi and his commentary were, in turn, deeply influential on his younger contemporary Fakhr al-Din al-Razi (d. 1210), with whom he associated and debated on several occasions. Al-Razi, nonetheless, became intensely critical of the Ghazalian current and went on to develop his own sophisticated and systematic synthesis, which to a great extent set the main parameters for the later philosophico-theological tradition. The historical interest of al-Mas'udi's text, therefore, stems from the fact that it constitutes a key link that reveals a gradual development between the philosophical and theological activities taking place in the late eleventh and early twelfth centuries and those we then encounter in the late twelfth century and beyond.The planned monograph will comprise a critical edition of al-Mas'udi's book and an interpretive study of the text. The interpretive study will contextualise the work, assess its historical significance, and offer an in-depth historico-analytical commentary on its philosophical contents.

这个项目探讨了中世纪阿拉伯哲学史上最关键但研究不足的阶段之一。集中在最近确定的'加扎利'电流，这是从基地加扎利的线索（d。1111）批评哲学传统，在他的“哲学家的不连贯性”，它调查（一）阿维森纳哲学体系的接受（d。1037），最重要的中世纪阿拉伯哲学家，（二）其互动与阿什阿里神学在东部的穆斯林世界在十二世纪。这一时期标志着阿拉伯哲学和伊斯兰神学从“古典”阶段过渡到“后古典”阶段，其特征是哲学神学传统的兴起和主导地位，并一直持续到近代早期。该项目的主要成果将是一部专著，集中介绍代表加扎利亚潮流的最重要文本。作者：Sharaf al-Din al-Mas'udi约1190），一个关键的，但迄今未研究的数字，'怀疑的指针'是第一个在一个长期的系列评论阿维森纳的广泛阅读的哲学工作的'指针'。Al-Mas 'udi的书包括对“指针”的物理和形而上学部分的选定部分的批判性评论，并展示了阿维森纳早期批评家的影响，特别是加扎利和哲学家阿布l-巴拉卡特基地-巴格达迪（d。1165）。拒绝几个主要的阿维森纳学说和论点（特别是关于心理学和知觉，hylomorphism和必要的理性的性质）作者提出了替代性的，哲学上有趣的理论，这最终有助于协调阿维森纳哲学与，并将其整合在，阿什阿里神学系统。对他年轻的同代人Fakhr al-Din al-Razi影响深远。1210），他与他的关联和辩论在几个场合。尽管如此，拉齐还是对加扎利亚的潮流提出了强烈的批评，并继续发展自己的复杂而系统的综合，这在很大程度上为后来的哲学-神学传统设定了主要参数。因此，马斯乌迪的文本之所以具有历史意义，是因为它构成了一个关键环节，揭示了十一世纪末和十二世纪初哲学和神学活动与我们在十二世纪末及以后遇到的哲学和神学活动之间的逐步发展。计划中的专著将包括马斯乌迪著作的批判版和文本的解释性研究。解释性研究将对这部作品进行语境化，评估其历史意义，并对其哲学内容进行深入的历史分析评论。