Crossing the threshold: the evolution of place and landscape in earliest prehistory
跨越门槛:史前最早的地点和景观的演变
基本信息
- 批准号:AH/K00378X/1
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 71.28万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Research Grant
- 财政年份:2013
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2013 至 无数据
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
The 'Caveman' persists in the popular imagination as typifying the original human condition. This is despite over 150 years of continuous discovery and the development of our sophisticated understanding of the human evolutionary path. But even with these advances it has proved difficult to shake off the widely held perception that our ancestors led a precarious existence made only bearable by the use of caves as the original primitive home.Our research programme will scrutinise the evidence for the early human use of caves. By doing so we hope to shift fundamentally the perception of our cave dwelling ancestors for both academics and the wider public.The fact is that for the majority of human evolution we find little or no clear evidence as to where our ancestors were living. This has led to suggestions that they occupied landscapes rather like other animals. Perhaps this involved using impermanent shelters which left no trace in the archaeological record. However, this situation appears to change quite rapidly across the world after half a million years ago. From this point on we start to see, in Africa, Asia and Europe, early human populations who now occupied caves for extended periods of time. Therefore far from the use of caves representing an original, primitive, human condition, their use points instead to a revolution in human behaviour; A revolution in the use of space, technology, landscape and the conception of time; A revolution that has been overlooked by archaeologists but whose implications are immense.Our research project will begin with the detailed analysis of a key site which shows this new behaviour. La Cotte de St Brelade is a spectacular cave system on the south coast of the island of Jersey. It provides evidence for the long term occupation of the site by Neanderthals hunters spanning almost 200,000 years. During over a century of excavation it has produced one of the largest collections of Neanderthal artefacts and other remains known from Europe. And yet the archive has remained inaccessible for a generation and has never been subjected to a complete analysis.We intend to bring modern, scientific archaeological analysis to bear on the unique collections of material from la Cotte de St Brelade. We will do this in order to study in detail the changing nature of human behaviour at the site. We want to know to what extent the site represents a Neanderthal 'home'; how the Neanderthals at the site used the landscape around them; and how they organised themselves socially to become a highly effective species with a long and successful history of settlement in the region.We will use the la Cotte study as a springboard to develop a new understanding of this radical way of life. We will do this by comparing our findings to other cave sites in Europe which have similar evidence for the development of long-lived settlement sites; Sites where time takes on a vertical dimension for the first time and where the quantity of evidence allows us to call them 'super-sites'.In the final part of our project we aim to bring together researchers from around the globe who are researching sites showing similar revolutionary behaviour. This will provide a global perspective on the evolutionary significance of the use of caves. Our research will provide the opportunity to determine what sustained cave occupation means for our understanding of human development. It also opens the door to exploring the immensely exciting possibility that the cavemen of popular imagination actually represent a fundamentality transformative phase in the human evolutionary path.
在大众的想象中,“穴居人”一直被认为是原始人类状况的典型。尽管过去150多年来不断有新的发现,我们对人类进化的道路也有了更深入的了解,但事实证明,即使有了这些进步,也很难摆脱人们普遍认为我们的祖先是在洞穴作为原始家园的情况下才过着朝不保夕的生活的看法。我们的研究计划将仔细研究早期人类使用洞穴的证据。通过这样做,我们希望从根本上改变学术界和广大公众对我们穴居祖先的看法。事实是,在人类进化的大部分时间里,我们几乎没有找到关于我们祖先生活在哪里的明确证据。这导致人们认为它们像其他动物一样占据风景。也许这涉及到使用临时庇护所,在考古记录中没有留下任何痕迹。然而,在50万年前,这种情况似乎在世界各地发生了相当迅速的变化。从这一点上,我们开始看到,在非洲,亚洲和欧洲,早期的人类人口谁现在居住在洞穴很长一段时间。因此,洞穴的使用并不代表原始的、原始的人类状态,相反,它们的使用指向了人类行为的一场革命;一场空间、技术、景观和时间观念的革命;一场被考古学家忽视的革命,但其影响是巨大的。我们的研究项目将开始,对一个关键地点进行详细分析,展示这种新的行为。La Cotte de St Brelade是泽西岛南海岸的一个壮观的洞穴系统。它提供了尼安德特人猎人长期占领该遗址的证据,跨越近20万年。在超过世纪的挖掘过程中,它产生了最大的尼安德特人手工艺品和欧洲已知的其他遗骸收藏之一。然而,这批档案在一代人的时间里一直无法进入,从未进行过完整的分析。我们打算将现代科学的考古学分析与圣布雷拉德湖的独特材料收藏联系起来。我们将这样做,以便详细研究人类行为在该地点的变化性质。我们想知道该遗址在多大程度上代表了尼安德特人的“家”;遗址上的尼安德特人如何利用周围的景观;以及他们如何组织自己的社会,成为一个高效的物种,在该地区拥有悠久而成功的定居历史。我们将以拉科特的研究为跳板,对这种激进的生活方式进行新的理解。我们将通过将我们的发现与欧洲其他洞穴遗址进行比较来做到这一点,这些洞穴遗址具有类似的证据,可以证明长期定居遗址的发展;在这些地点,时间第一次呈现出垂直的维度,证据的数量允许我们称之为“超级-在我们项目的最后一部分,我们的目标是汇集来自地球仪各地的研究人员,他们正在研究显示出类似革命性变化的地点。性能.这将为洞穴使用的进化意义提供一个全球视角。我们的研究将提供机会,以确定持续的洞穴占用意味着我们对人类发展的理解。它也打开了一扇大门,探索一种非常令人兴奋的可能性,即大众想象中的穴居人实际上代表了人类进化道路上的一个根本性变革阶段。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(10)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
A new approach for deciphering between single and multiple accumulation events using intra-tooth isotopic variations: Application to the Middle Pleistocene bone bed of Schöningen 13 II-4.
一种利用齿内同位素变化破译单个和多个累积事件的新方法:应用于 Schöningen 13 II-4 中更新世骨床。
- DOI:10.1016/j.jhevol.2015.02.012
- 发表时间:2015
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.2
- 作者:Julien MA
- 通讯作者:Julien MA
The British Middle Palaeolithic
英国旧石器时代中期
- DOI:10.1016/j.quaint.2015.06.011
- 发表时间:2016
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.2
- 作者:Ashton N
- 通讯作者:Ashton N
The emergence of the Middle Palaeolithic in north-western Europe and its southern fringes
- DOI:10.1016/j.quaint.2016.02.049
- 发表时间:2016-08
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.2
- 作者:David Hérisson;M. Brenet;D. Cliquet;M. Moncel;J. Richter;B. Scott;A. V. Baelen;K. D. Modica;D. Loecker;N. Ashton;Laurence Bourguignon;A. Delagnes;Jean-Philippe Faivre;Milagros Folgado-Lopez;J. Locht;M. Pope;J. Raynal;W. Roebroeks;C. Santagata;Alain Turq;P. V. Peer
- 通讯作者:David Hérisson;M. Brenet;D. Cliquet;M. Moncel;J. Richter;B. Scott;A. V. Baelen;K. D. Modica;D. Loecker;N. Ashton;Laurence Bourguignon;A. Delagnes;Jean-Philippe Faivre;Milagros Folgado-Lopez;J. Locht;M. Pope;J. Raynal;W. Roebroeks;C. Santagata;Alain Turq;P. V. Peer
Rethinking Human Responses to Sea-level Rise: The Mesolithic Occupation of the Channel Islands
重新思考人类对海平面上升的反应:中石器时代对海峡群岛的占领
- DOI:10.1017/ppr.2016.1
- 发表时间:2016
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:Conneller C
- 通讯作者:Conneller C
Discoveries from La Manche: Five Years of Early Prehistoric Research in the Channel Island of Jersey
拉芒什的发现:泽西海峡群岛五年的早期史前研究
- DOI:10.5334/ai.1813
- 发表时间:2015
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0.6
- 作者:Pope M
- 通讯作者:Pope M
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Clive Gamble其他文献
Brilliant — rock art and art rock in Australia
精彩——澳大利亚的岩石艺术和艺术摇滚
- DOI:
10.1038/351608a0 - 发表时间:
1991-06-20 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:48.500
- 作者:
Clive Gamble - 通讯作者:
Clive Gamble
Archaeology: Early man as complex hunter
考古学:早期人类作为复杂的猎手
- DOI:
10.1038/316485a0 - 发表时间:
1985-08-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:48.500
- 作者:
Clive Gamble - 通讯作者:
Clive Gamble
Time for Boxgrove man
布格罗夫人的时代
- DOI:
10.1038/369275a0 - 发表时间:
1994-05-26 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:48.500
- 作者:
Clive Gamble - 通讯作者:
Clive Gamble
Clive Gamble的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Clive Gamble', 18)}}的其他基金
Polished axes: object biographies and the writing of world prehistories
抛光的轴:物体传记和世界史前史的书写
- 批准号:
AH/I023511/1 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 71.28万 - 项目类别:
Training Grant
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