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The Cambridge Platonists at the Origins of Enlightenment: Texts, Debate, and Reception (1650-1730)

剑桥柏拉图主义者的启蒙运动起源：文本、辩论和接受（1650-1730）

基本信息

批准号：
AH/N001575/1
负责人：
Douglas Hedley
金额：
$ 84.96万
依托单位：
University of Cambridge
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2016 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FN001575%2F1
关键词：
Cambridge Platonists Origins Enlightenment Texts

项目摘要

The Cambridge Platonists, whose leading members were Benjamin Whichcote (1609-83), Ralph Cudworth (1617-1688), Henry More (1614-1687) and John Smith (1618-1652), represent the most important school of Platonic philosophers between the Italian Renaissance and the Romantic Age. This movement, distinguished in its time for toleration, insistence on the compatibility of science and religion, and its optimism about human nature, has been seen as a 'Copernican revolution' in Western moral philosophy. They represent, perhaps, a key step in the shift to a secular ethics. These thinkers are the first Platonists to have confronted the modern scientific outlook as they attempted to negotiate the claims of, on the one hand, the inherited Graeco-Roman-Christian worldview and, on the other hand, the startling new mechanical vision of the universe presented by Galilean-Cartesian science. The key aesthetic notion of 'disinterested pleasure' can be traced back to the Cambridge Platonists. We have derived from them other fundamental philosophical concepts such as 'materialism', 'monotheism', 'philosophy of religion', and 'self-consciousness'. Their influence on women thinkers such as Conway, Masham, Astell, and their impact on the British Dissenting tradition, the Scottish Enlightenment, and the European Enlightenment, have only just started to be appreciated.The Cambridge Platonists, however, have been largely neglected by modern scholars for a combination of reasons: scholarly misapprehensions, a lack of accessible textbooks and good critical editions of their major works. Their published writings and many important manuscripts have not been edited. The central aims of this project are, first, to address this neglect by producing a digital 'Cambridge Platonism Sourcebook', subdivided into three broad sections - Nature and God; Knowledge and Belief; Human Beings and Morality. The Sourcebook will be made freely available online as a digital thematic research collection on the project website. Secondly, by showing their engagement with contemporary debates, we aim to overturn false perceptions of the Platonists as isolated figures of little relevance to intellectual history.This sourcebook will consist of extensive excerpts selected from across the entire oeuvre of the Cambridge Platonists and from many of their contemporaries with whom they engaged or who engaged with them. Each section will be supplied with an introduction, and explanatory notes. It will make available both important printed and manuscript sources illustrating the range of their thinking, and ask: what were the distinctive metaphysical, epistemological, and ethical stances of the Cambridge Platonists that gave them their intellectual identity? For instance, what position(s) did they take on problems as diverse as God's relation to space and time, the irreducibility of consciousness, personal identity, reason and emotion, immediate self-knowledge, responsibility, conscience, and free will? Also, how far did they agree with one another? What were the key controversies of their milieu? Which of their contemporaries were their primary targets? What precisely was their influence? In addition to the sourcebook, the thematic research collection will include an online bibliography of Cambridge Platonism, a glossary of technical terms, and a project blog, which will report on developments in Cambridge Platonism scholarship. It will also update on the progress of our work, and offer a forum for scholars and interested members of the public to contribute their input and ideas. In addition, we hope to publish a hard-copy abridged version of the Sourcebook.The project will liaise with key cultural agencies to promote knowledge of Cambridge Platonism as a highly significant intellectual movement, and an important source of our contemporary culture.

剑桥柏拉图主义者代表了意大利文艺复兴和浪漫主义时代之间最重要的柏拉图哲学家学派，他们的主要成员是本杰明·惠希科特（1609- 1683）、拉尔夫·库德沃思（1617-1688）、亨利·莫尔（1614-1687）和约翰·史密斯（1618-1652）。这场运动，在其宽容的时间，坚持科学和宗教的兼容性，其对人性的乐观，已被视为西方道德哲学的“哥白尼革命”。它们或许代表了向世俗伦理转变的关键一步。这些思想家是第一批直面现代科学观的柏拉图主义者，他们试图一方面与继承下来的希腊-罗马-基督教世界观的主张进行谈判，另一方面与伽利略-笛卡尔科学提出的令人震惊的新的宇宙机械观进行谈判。“无私的快乐”这一关键的美学概念可以追溯到剑桥的柏拉图主义者。我们从他们那里得到了其他基本的哲学概念，如“唯物主义”，“一神论”，“宗教哲学”和“自我意识”。他们对康威、马沙姆、阿斯特尔等女性思想家的影响，以及他们对英国持不同政见者传统、苏格兰启蒙运动和欧洲启蒙运动的影响，才刚刚开始受到重视，然而，剑桥柏拉图主义者却在很大程度上被现代学者所忽视，原因有多种：学术误解、缺乏可理解的教科书以及他们主要著作的好的批评版本。他们发表的著作和许多重要的手稿没有被编辑。这个项目的中心目标是，首先，通过制作一本数字化的“剑桥柏拉图主义原始资料集”来解决这种忽视问题，该资料集分为三大部分--自然与上帝;知识与信仰;人类与道德。原始资料集将作为项目网站上的一个数字专题研究集在网上免费提供。第二，通过展示柏拉图主义者参与当代辩论的情况，我们旨在推翻人们对柏拉图主义者的错误看法，即他们是与思想史无关的孤立人物。本资料集将从剑桥柏拉图主义者的全部作品以及他们参与或参与过的许多同时代人中选出大量摘录。每一节都将提供导言和解释性说明。它将提供重要的印刷和手稿资料，说明他们的思想范围，并提出：剑桥柏拉图主义者独特的形而上学、认识论和伦理学立场是什么，使他们获得了知识上的认同？例如，他们在上帝与空间和时间的关系、意识的不可还原性、个人身份、理性和情感、直接的自我认识、责任、良心和自由意志等各种问题上采取了什么立场？还有，他们在多大程度上同意对方？他们所处环境的主要争议是什么？他们的主要目标是同时代的哪些人？他们的影响力究竟是什么？除了原始资料，专题研究收集将包括一个在线书目的剑桥柏拉图主义，一个词汇表的技术术语，和一个项目博客，这将报告在剑桥柏拉图主义奖学金的发展。该网站亦会提供最新的工作进展，并为学者和有兴趣的公众人士提供一个论坛，让他们提供意见和建议。此外，我们还希望出版一本《原始资料集》的删节版。该项目将与主要的文化机构联络，以促进对剑桥柏拉图主义的认识，这是一个非常重要的知识运动，也是我们当代文化的重要来源。