The Criminalisation of Dictatorial Pasts in Europe and Latin America in Global Perspective

全球视角下欧洲和拉丁美洲独裁历史的刑事定罪

• 批准号: AH/N504580/1
• 负责人: James Mark
• 金额: $ 9.66万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF EXETER
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2016 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FN504580%2F1
• 关键词: Criminalisation; Dictatorial; Pasts; Europe; Latin

The "third wave of democratisation", begun in the 1970s, was accompanied by novel processes designed to manage the legacies of dictatorships. An important literature has focused on "transitional justice" and "memory" in Europe and Latin America, two regions prominent in the creation of policies of addressing non-democratic pasts. By developing a socio-historical approach centred on the notion of criminalisation, this project represents a significant advance upon the previous scholarship, in three respects. First, it examines criminal justice in its interactions with the construction of the label of "crime" in three interconnected socio-professional spaces: historiography, victims' activism and heritage. Second, it proposes a historicised analysis of processes arising during the "third wave of democratisation" and considers the way they were influenced by forms of justice and memory that emerged in the aftermath of World War II. Third, the project examines the configuration of actors who generate criminalisation narratives, in order to assess empirically the transnational circulation of norms, repertoires of collective action and institutional measures adopted to deal with ousted regimes. This will allow us to reflect on the entanglements and mutual influences between Europe and Latin America, while at the same time situating these regions in the context of global dynamics. In order to achieve a deeper understanding of these phenomena, the project seeks also to foster cooperation between scholars and professional experts involved in reckoning with the past (jurists, curators, activists). A partnership has been forged with the NGO IC-MEMO, which gathers together more than twenty museums dedicated to the memory of victims of political crimes. Our collaboration with the BDIC will likewise allow us to exploit the unique collections of this institution and to disseminate more widely our research results via a virtual handbook for high-schools and universities.

始于20世纪70年代的“第三次民主化浪潮”伴随着旨在管理殖民地遗产的新程序。欧洲和拉丁美洲在制定处理非民主过去的政策方面表现突出，有一份重要文献侧重于这两个区域的“过渡时期司法”和“记忆”。通过发展一种以刑事定罪概念为中心的社会历史方法，该项目在三个方面代表了以前奖学金的重大进步。首先，它考察了刑事司法与三个相互关联的社会专业空间中“犯罪”标签的构建的相互作用：史学，受害者的行动主义和遗产。第二，它提出了一个历史化的分析过程中出现的“第三波民主化”，并认为他们是如何受到影响的形式的正义和记忆出现在第二次世界大战后。第三，该项目研究了产生刑事定罪叙事的行为者的配置，以经验评估规范的跨国流通，集体行动的剧目和为应对被推翻的政权而采取的体制措施。这将使我们能够反思欧洲和拉丁美洲之间的纠缠和相互影响，同时将这些地区置于全球动态的背景下。为了更深入地了解这些现象，该项目还寻求促进学者和参与清算过去的专业专家（法学家、博物馆馆长、活动家）之间的合作。与非政府组织IC-MEMO建立了合作伙伴关系，该组织汇集了二十多个致力于纪念政治犯罪受害者的博物馆。我们与BDIC的合作也将使我们能够利用该机构的独特收藏，并通过高中和大学的虚拟手册更广泛地传播我们的研究成果。

项目成果

Les objets des disparus. Exhumations et usages des traces matérielles de la violence de masse

不同的物体。

• DOI: 10.3917/lcsi.019.0005
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Les Cahiers Irice
• 作者: Baby S

"Les victimes oubliées de la transition espagnole"

“西班牙转型时期的受害者”

• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Histoire@politique. Politique, culture, société
• 作者: Baby, S.

Criminaliser le passé ? Les héritages autoritaires d'Europe et d'Amérique latine entre mémorialisation et criminalisation

过去的犯罪者？

• 发表时间: 2019
• 作者: Anemona Constantin

Agency in Transnational Memory Politics

跨国记忆政治中的代理

• 发表时间: 2020
• 作者: Badescu Gruia

Secret Agents and the Memory of Everyday Collaboration in Communist Eastern Europe.

特工与共产主义东欧日常合作的记忆。

• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: Apor, P.