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THE HISPANIC-ANGLOSPHERE: TRANSNATIONAL NETWORKS AND GLOBAL COMMUNITIES (18TH - 20TH CENTURIES)

西班牙裔英国圈：跨国网络和全球社区（18 - 20 世纪）

基本信息

批准号：
AH/R002681/1
负责人：
Graciela Iglesias Rogers
金额：
$ 4.4万
依托单位：
University of Winchester
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2017 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FR002681%2F1
关键词：
HISPANIC ANGLOSPHERE TRANSNATIONAL NETWORKS GLOBAL

项目摘要

The Hispanic and Anglo worlds are often portrayed as the Cain and Abel of the Western culture, antagonistic and alien to each other. This project will challenge this view by developing a new critical conceptual framework - the 'Hispanic-Anglosphere' - to study individuals, networks and communities that made of the British Isles a crucial hub for the global Hispanic world and a bridge between Spanish Europe, Africa, Asia and the Americas during the late eighteenth to early twentieth centuries, a period marked by the dislocation of global polities, nation-state building and the rise of nationalism. Direct contact between women and men of the British Isles and those of the Spanish-speaking world increased exponentially from the 1760s. Trade between Britain and Spanish America rose by about 300 to 400 per cent long before South American independence in the 1820s. A good number of companies involved in this trade had branches in different locations of the British Isles, the Americas, the Philippines, in the Canary Islands, and were run by English, Scottish and Irish families based in Spain. Contact further increased in the 1780s with the arrival to these shores of Spanish American revolutionaries. The Napoleonic wars not only took tens of thousands of Britons to fight in Iberia, also encouraged a few to join regular e irregular forces in Spain and later in Spanish America, thus starting a trend of British personal involvement in Hispanic conflicts long before the International Brigades made its name in the Spanish Civil War (1936-39). Many of these expats either died or decided to settle abroad. A few returned home, bringing wives and children, as well as foreign goods, manners and customs which they helped to popularize. Similarly, hundreds of Spanish refugees flocked to the British Isles after the restoration of Bourbon absolutism in 1814, often crossing paths with Spanish American leaders in search for assistance in the delicate business of new-nation state building. Scholars have studied some of these cases, but mainly from national perspectives or in terms of either 'Spanish-British' or 'Latin American-British' relations, often reducing the British experience to the confines of London, thus leaving little room for the study of persons, issues and undertakings that operated in wider areas and both through and beyond national and regional boundaries. In this project, historians from the UK, Ireland, continental Europe, the Americas and Russia, jointly with scholars from other disciplines and non-academic partners, will study those people who in the British Isles were closely engaged with the Hispanic world, regardless of their birth, religion or political allegiance as well as of those who came from the Hispanic world to any point of the British Isles as visitors, exiles and/or migrants. A key question to be addressed is how these individuals and networks worked with and/or counteracted growing restrictions imposed on the movement of people, ideas, goods and capital. The network will work in partnership with the National Trust Tyntesfield, the stately home founded by the Madrid-born merchant William Gibbs who built much of his fortune on the importation of Spanish wine and Peruvian guano. Scholarly discussions will be held in the context of the estate's rich collection of material culture with the intention of contributing to improving and extending their interpretation. The project will operate through an online interactive platform that will serve to host scholars' exchanges and to showcase peer-reviewed material generated as a result of the networks' research such as working papers and an online exhibition. Two three-day workshops are planned to take place in Winchester and in NT Tyntesfield. Expert knowledge will be tested and disseminated through discrete scheduled meetings with the general public and through mass and social media, thus encouraging dialogue with wider audiences outside academic circles.

西班牙和盎格鲁世界经常被描绘成西方文化的该隐和亚伯，彼此对立和陌生。本项目将挑战这一观点，通过发展一个新的关键概念框架-“西班牙-盎格鲁文化圈”-来研究个人，网络和社区，使不列颠群岛成为全球西班牙裔世界的重要枢纽，并在18世纪末至20世纪初成为西班牙欧洲，非洲，亚洲和美洲之间的桥梁，这是一个以全球政治混乱，民族国家建设和民族主义兴起为标志的时期。从18世纪60年代起，英伦三岛和西班牙语世界的男女直接接触呈指数增长。早在19世纪20年代南美独立之前，英国与西属美洲之间的贸易就增长了约300%至400%。从事这种贸易的许多公司在不列颠群岛、美洲、菲律宾、加那利群岛的不同地点都有分支机构，由居住在西班牙的英国、苏格兰和爱尔兰家族经营。在18世纪80年代，随着西班牙裔美国革命者的到来，接触进一步增加。拿破仑战争不仅使成千上万的英国人参加了伊比利亚半岛的战斗，还鼓励一些人加入了西班牙的正规和非正规部队，后来又加入了西属美洲，因此，早在国际旅在西班牙内战（1936-39）中成名之前，就开始了英国人个人参与西班牙冲突的趋势。这些外籍人士中的许多人要么已经去世，要么决定在国外定居。少数人带着妻儿回国，也带着他们帮助推广的外国商品、风俗习惯。同样，在1814年波旁王朝专制主义复辟后，数百名西班牙难民涌向不列颠群岛，他们经常与西班牙裔美国人的领导人相遇，在新民族国家建设的微妙事务中寻求帮助。学者们研究了其中的一些案例，但主要是从国家的角度或从“西班牙-英国”或“拉丁美洲-英国”关系的角度出发，往往将英国的经验减少到伦敦的范围内，因此几乎没有空间来研究在更广泛的领域内运作的人物、问题和事业，无论是通过还是超越国家和地区边界。在这个项目中，来自英国、爱尔兰、欧洲大陆、美洲和俄罗斯的历史学家，与来自其他学科和非学术合作伙伴的学者一起，将研究那些在英伦三岛与西班牙世界密切接触的人，无论他们的出生、宗教或政治忠诚如何，以及那些来自西班牙世界的人作为游客、流亡者和/或移民来到英伦三岛的任何地方。需要解决的一个关键问题是，这些个人和网络如何配合和/或抵消对人员、思想、货物和资本流动施加的日益严格的限制。该网络将与泰恩斯菲尔德国家信托基金会（National Trust Tyntesfield）合作。泰恩斯菲尔德是马德里出生的商人威廉·吉布斯（William Gibbs）创立的富丽堂皇的豪宅，他的大部分财富都是靠进口西班牙葡萄酒和秘鲁鸟粪积累起来的。学术讨论将在遗产丰富的物质文化收藏的背景下举行，旨在为改善和扩展他们的解释做出贡献。该项目将通过一个在线互动平台运作，该平台将用于主办学者交流，并展示由这些网络的研究产生的经同行评审的材料，如工作论文和在线展览。计划在温彻斯特和新泰恩斯菲尔德举行两个为期三天的讲习班。专家知识将通过定期与公众举行的会议以及通过大众和社会媒体进行检验和传播，从而鼓励与学术界以外的更广泛受众进行对话。