Children's Literature in Critical Contexts of Displacement: Exploring how story and arts-based practices create 'safe spaces' for displaced children

拟议的网络汇集了来自不同学科(艺术、人文和教育)的学术合作伙伴以及非学术合作伙伴，以审查和促进儿童文学在为流离失所的儿童及其家庭创造“安全空间”以及通过以艺术为基础的做法发展移民与当地社区之间的关系方面所作的贡献。儿童文学(如传统故事、图画书和诗歌)涉及身份认同、冲突、适应能力和宽容等主题；在移民模式不断变化的多民族背景下，这些故事和书籍可以成为提供分散焦虑的空间和支持需求和生活条件所需的文学的关键工具。在埃及和墨西哥，流离失所儿童的情况最近达到了严重程度，通过儿童文学、故事和艺术活动，通过政府、非政府组织或志愿者倡议，在城市和农村地区发展了与流离失所儿童分享书籍和学习的空间。空间通常包括不同的文化和语言，涉及卫生工作者和教师，但也包括艺术家、讲故事的人和音乐家。通过了解这些空间是如何运作的，我们可以了解以艺术为基础的参与式做法，这些做法可以改进需求的识别和扫盲的实施，使儿童能够更充分地参与更有凝聚力的社区。这项建议是通过埃及、墨西哥和联合王国之间的合作伙伴关系制定的，目的是满足在实地开展工作的组织所认为的需求，这些组织包括国际儿童和青少年图书委员会(IBBY)的区域部门、驻开罗的难民署和墨西哥文化部(促进阅读计划)。它基于英国之前的国内和国际研究，这些研究通过扫盲教育、儿童文学和融合来满足移民儿童的需求。CLCD还将允许参与者确定未来合作、研究和研究培训的关键领域，这些领域将涉及儿童的情感福利和社区间关系，从而与难民署的中东和南美洲区域目标(2016-2017年)保持一致。在18个月的时间框架内，三个重叠的活动阶段侧重于关系建设(通过学术和非学术合作伙伴之间的联系)；加强能力(通过制定和分享最佳做法和针对具体地点的活动)以及国际发展和外联(通过制作多媒体资源和与其他官方发展援助国家的潜在伙伴建立知识联系)。主要成果之一将是概述目前涉及儿童文学的做法和成功的战略，以及以故事和艺术为基础的做法，以便进行比较。另一个成果将是建立强有力的研究联系，这将构成未来交流与合作的基础，并可首先扩大到邻国(肯尼亚、苏丹、也门、黎巴嫩、危地马拉、洪都拉斯、萨尔瓦多)。这将包括一个扎实、道德和可持续的计划，以发展学术人员和学生的研究能力，以便以灵活的方式使用以艺术为基础的研究方法(以儿童文学为基础)，使研究人员和从业者在变化和流离失所的情况下工作。通过强调文学、艺术和教育之间相互作用的积极和“充满希望”的观点，该网络试图反击涉及刻板印象、种族主义和教育缺失的关于移民的负面话语。CLCD网络将为真正跨学科和跨文化的研究奠定基础，并支持和发展在更有凝聚力的社区内为流离失所儿童创造“安全空间”。

The proposed network draws together academic partners from different disciplines (arts, humanities and education) along with non-academic partners, to examine and promote the contribution made by children's literature in creating 'safe spaces' for displaced children and their families and for developing relationships between migrants and local communities through arts-based practices. Children's literature (eg traditional tales, picturebooks and poetry) deals with topics such as identity, conflict, resilience and tolerance; in multi-ethnic contexts with fluctuating patterns of migration, these stories and books can become key tools in providing spaces for distraction from anxieties and supporting literacies required by needs and living conditions. In both Egypt and Mexico, the situation regarding displaced children has recently reached critical proportions and spaces for sharing books and learning with displaced children, through children's literature, story- and arts-based activities, have developed in urban and rural areas via government, NGO or volunteer initiatives. Spaces often include different cultures and languages and involve health workers and teachers but also artists, storytellers and musicians. By understanding how these spaces are operating, we can learn about participatory arts-based practices that improve the identification of needs and the implementation of literacies that allow children to participate more fully in more cohesive communities. The proposal was developed through the collaborative partnership between Egypt, Mexico and the UK in order to meet the needs as perceived by the organizations working on the ground, such as the regional sections of IBBY (International Board on Books for Children and Young People), the UNHCR in Cairo and the Mexican Ministry of Culture (Reading promotion programme). It is based on previous national and international research in the UK that approached the needs of migrant children through literacy education, children's literature and integration. CLCCD will also allow participants to identify key areas for future collaboration, research and research training that will address the emotional welfare of the children and inter-community relations, thus aligning with the Middle East and South American regional goals of the UNHCR (2016-2017). The three overlapping phases of activity during the 18 month time-frame focus on relationship-building (through links among academic and non-academic partners); capacity-strengthening (through the development and sharing of best practices and location-specific activities), and international development and outreach (through the production of multimedia resources and KE links with potential partners in other ODA countries). One of the main outcomes will be an overview of current practices and successful strategies involving children's literature along with story and arts-based practices that allows for a comparative perspective. Another outcome will be the creation of strong research links that will form the basis for future exchange and collaboration and which can be expanded, in the first instance, to neighbouring countries (Kenya, Sudan, Yemen, Lebanon, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador). This will include a grounded, ethical and sustainable plan to develop the research capacity of academic staff and students to use arts-based research methods (with children's literature as a base) in ways that are flexible for both researchers and practitioners working in contexts of flux and displacement. By emphasizing a positive and 'hopeful' view of the interplay between literature, art and education, the network seeks to counter negative discourses of migrants that involve stereotypes, racism and educational deficit. The CLCCD network will lay the groundwork for research which is genuinely inter-disciplinary and intercultural and supports and develops the creation of 'safe spaces' for displaced children within more cohesive communities.