NEURAL CONTROL OF VERTERATE INGESTIVE BEHAVIOR

本研究旨在阐明神经控制中所起的作用 通过传入、传出和internuncial机制在不同的 鸟类大脑的水平。 作为第一步，研究时空 组织饮食已经进行了使用高速 电影摄影，以澄清感官的决定因素， 行为 个体进食反应的模式化 在感官和动机变量的控制下， 在长期和短期条件下进行研究。 解剖和 电生理过程已被用来定义和表征一个 参与控制进食的结构网络， 神经行为学研究已经阐明了它们的功能 对进食行为的贡献。 这些研究表明， 三叉神经系统在鸟类摄食行为神经控制中的作用， 比较研究证实，该系统在以下方面发挥类似作用： 哺乳动物摄食行为的控制。 未来的研究设计 为了阐明控制鸽子进食的传出机制， 作为一个行为的起点，抓取反应用于 吃 鸟喙肌肉的中央表现将是 使用解剖标记技术（HRP）和类似技术测定 将用于阐明与最终共同路径相关的下行路径 喙运动的机制。 将使用行为测试程序 将"抓取"行为置于实验控制之下， 它的视觉和躯体感觉运动控制。 神经行为程序将 用于识别参与传出控制的神经结构， 喂养并描述它们在这种行为中的作用。 分析 鸽子进食的神经控制是为了作为一个"模型 系统”，用于研究脊椎动物的摄食行为。 也是 预计将提供数据的神经控制的操作和自动成形 反应、视觉机制和行为最终共同路径 机制等

This research is designed to clarify the role played in the neural control of feeding by afferent, efferent and internuncial mechanisms at various levels of the avian brain. As a first step, studies of the spatio-temporal organization of eating have been carried out using high speed cinematography in order to clarify the sensory determinants of the behavior. The patterning of individual feeding responses into feeding bouts under the control of sensory and motivational variables has been studied under both long and short term conditions. Anatomical and electrophysiological procedures have been used to define and characterize a network of structures involved in the control of feeding and neurobehavioral studies have served to clarify their functional contribution to feeding behavior. These studies have implicated the trigeminal system in the neural control of avian feeding behavior and comparative studies have confirmed that this system plays a similar role in the control of mammalian ingestive behavior. Future studies are designed to clarify the efferent mechanisms controlling feeding in the pigeon, taking as a behavioral starting point the grasping response used in eating. The central representation of the avian beak muscles will be determined using anatomical marker techniques (HRP) and similar techniques will be used to clarify descending pathways related to final common path mechanisms for beak movements. Behavioral testing procedure will be used to bring "grasping" behavior under experimental control and analyse both its visual and somatosensorimotor control. Neurobehavioral procedures will be used to identify neural structures involved in the efferent control of feeding and characterize their role in this behavior. Analysis of the neural control of feeding in the pigeon is intended to serve as a "model system" for the study of vertebrate ingestive behavior. It is also expected to provide data on neural control of operant and autoshaped responses, visuomotor mechanisms and behavioral final common path mechanisms.