权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

The Port-au-Prince-Rio Connection: 'Collateral Damage' by UN Troops in Haiti and Brazilian Troops in Rio

太子港与里约的联系：驻海地的联合国部队和驻里约的巴西部队的“附带损害”

基本信息

批准号：
AH/S005757/1
负责人：
Siobhan Wills
金额：
$ 8.32万
依托单位：
University of Ulster
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2019 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FS005757%2F1
关键词：
Port au Prince Rio Connection

项目摘要

THE PURPOSE of the Impact and Engagement for Development Project is to expand the impact of the GCRF AHRC funded research on use of deadly force by the UN Stabilisation Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH), to engage similarly affected communities in Brazil. BACKGROUNDIn addition to peer reviewed academic articles, the AHRC project AH/N00793X/1, produced a film using participatory practices, 'It Stays With You: Use of Force by UN Peacekeepers in Haiti' (www.itstayswithyou.com/film) which presents testimonies of survivors whose loved ones were killed or injured by MINUSTAH during heavily militarised law enforcement operations targeted at gang violence. The film has been shown internationally (see www.itstayswithyou.com for details). It was screened as a side event at the Human Rights Council session in July 2018 and has been selected for the Amnesty International Film Festival, France, 2019. On 26 June 2018, we received an email from Under Secretary-General for Peacekeeping, Jean-Pierre Lacroix, in response to nine months of emails to him and a visit by us to MINUJUSTH (the UN mission in Haiti that replaced MINUSTAH) seeking an investigation. Lacroix thanked us for drawing his attention to the issues raised in the film, assured us that the United Nations (UN) is taking the issue seriously and that he will respond with further details in due course. We believe it is important to continue to raise awareness and press for an investigation up until the UN provides a public response that addresses the concerns of those affected. Therefore, we plan to expand our impact and engagement activities internationally, focusing in particular on Brazil because militarised law enforcement operations similar to ones conducted by MINUSTAH in Haiti have recently been undertaken in Brazil's favelas and refugee camps leading to deaths and injuries - and to a perceived lack of accountability for the actions of the armed forces.THE PORT-AU-PRINCE RIO CONNECTIONBrazil contributed the commanders and most of the troops to the UN mission in Haiti. It has been argued that MINUSTAH provided the opportunity for 'acquisition and/or improvement of skills and knowledge related to social control and pacification, which could be adapted and executed in any other (urban) context'.' http://www.opeu.org.br/2018/05/25/as-licoes-do-haiti/. The Vila Cruzeiro operation in 2010 is one example of a law enforcement operation in which dozens of bystanders were killed. The commander, General Sardenberg, served in the first Brazilian contingent and more than half of the 800 members of the Brigada de Infantaria Paraquedista were Haiti veterans (Harig, 2015.) The issue is topical due to the sharp increase in militarised law enforcement operations in 2018 following a decree by President Temer in February putting the military in charge of security operations in Rio. In June a child was killed in an army operation in the Mare favela: reportedly ambulances were initially denied access. GCRF FoF PROJECTWe will work with our project collaborators to screen the film, discuss the issues it raises with communities affected by similar operations, and work with them and our contacts in Geneva and New York to a) seek investigations into deaths and injuries as result of such operations in both Brazil and Haiti and b) pressure the UN to promulgate standards designed to ensure that both the UN and its member states comply with human rights standards in all militarised law enforcement operations. Using participatory practices, we will expand our website www.itstayswithyou.com with filmed testimonies from Brazil, focusing on survivors and medical professionals. We will undertake a literature review of the links between militarised policing operations in Haiti and Brazil, and build on it to write reports on the situation and the need for these issues to be addressed at UN level. We aim to publish in the international and Brazilian press/social media and peer reviewed journals.

“影响与参与促进发展项目”的目的是扩大GCRF人权委员会资助的关于联合国海地稳定特派团（联海稳定团）使用致命武力的研究的影响，让巴西同样受影响的社区参与进来。除了同行评议的学术文章外，AHRC项目AH/N00793X/1还制作了一部采用参与式实践的电影《它与你同行：联合国维和人员在海地使用武力》（www.itstayswithyou.com/film），其中介绍了在针对帮派暴力的高度军事化执法行动中，亲人被联海稳定团杀害或伤害的幸存者的证词。这部电影已经在国际上放映（详见www.itstayswithyou.com）。该片在2018年7月的人权理事会会议上作为会外活动放映，并入选2019年法国大赦国际电影节。2018年6月26日，我们收到了主管维和事务副秘书长让-皮埃尔·拉克鲁瓦（Jean-Pierre Lacroix）的电子邮件，这是我们九个月来向他发送的电子邮件以及我们访问联海稳定团（取代联海稳定团的联合国驻海地特派团）寻求调查的回复。拉克鲁瓦感谢我们提请他注意影片中提出的问题，并向我们保证，联合国正在认真对待这一问题，他将在适当的时候提供进一步的细节。我们认为，重要的是要继续提高人们的认识，并敦促进行调查，直到联合国提供公众回应，解决受影响者的担忧。因此，我们计划扩大我们在国际上的影响和参与活动，特别以巴西为重点，因为最近在巴西的贫民窟和难民营开展了类似于联海稳定团在海地开展的军事化执法行动，造成了伤亡，而且人们认为武装部队的行动缺乏问责制。在海地的联合国任务中，巴西派遣了指挥官和大部分部队。有人认为，联海稳定团提供了“获得和/或改进与社会控制和安抚有关的技能和知识的机会，这些技能和知识可以在任何其他（城市）环境中加以调整和执行”。“http://www.opeu.org.br/2018/05/25/as-licoes-do-haiti/。2010年的维拉克鲁塞罗行动就是执法行动的一个例子，数十名旁观者在行动中丧生。指挥官Sardenberg将军曾在第一支巴西分遣队服役，800名步兵旅成员中有一半以上是海地退伍军人（Harig, 2015）。今年2月，巴西总统特梅尔颁布法令，要求军方负责2010年的安全行动。此后，2018年军事化执法行动急剧增加，这一问题成为热门话题。6月，一名儿童在马雷贫民窟的一次军事行动中丧生：据报道，救护车最初被拒绝进入。我们将与我们的项目合作者一起放映这部电影，与受类似行动影响的社区讨论它提出的问题，并与他们以及我们在日内瓦和纽约的联系人合作，a)寻求对巴西和海地此类行动造成的伤亡进行调查；b)向联合国施压，要求其颁布旨在确保联合国及其成员国在所有军事化执法行动中遵守人权标准的标准。通过参与性做法，我们将扩大我们的网站www.itstayswithyou.com，提供来自巴西的视频证词，重点关注幸存者和医疗专业人员。我们将对海地和巴西的军事化警务行动之间的联系进行文献审查，并在此基础上撰写有关情况的报告，以及在联合国一级解决这些问题的必要性。我们的目标是在国际和巴西的媒体/社交媒体和同行评审期刊上发表。