Iona's Namescape: Place-Names and their Dynamics in Iona and its Environs

爱奥纳岛的名称景观：爱奥纳岛及其周边地区的地名及其动态

• 批准号: AH/T007044/1
• 负责人: Thomas Clancy
• 金额: $ 95.54万
• 依托单位: University of Glasgow
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FT007044%2F1
• 关键词: Iona; Namescape; Place; Names; their

Iona, although a small island off the larger island of Mull, off the west coast of Scotland, has one of the oldest, richest, and most complex place-name records in Britain and Ireland. It also has a complex modern landscape as a result of multiple user-groups interacting with the landscape of the past in different ways. This project interrogates the dynamics of the namescape (the historical and changing landscape of names) of Iona and its environs, shedding light on the past, and proposing new ways of curating place-names as part of heritage management.The 'Life of Saint Columba' written around AD 700 by Adomnán, the ninth abbot of the monastery of Iona, gives our earliest detailed impressions of this landscape, including some of our earliest recorded Gaelic place-names in Britain or Ireland. In the modern period the island became a destination for tourists and antiquarians, who interacted simultaneously with older texts and traditions and with the landscape and monuments they found, creating, curating and reinvigorating names. In the past century a traditional Gaelic crofting community has evolved into a more mixed economy, with a greater range of year-round occupations, augmented by seasonal auxiliary staff and faith-tourists. Permanent organisations, e.g., the National Trust for Scotland and Historic Environment Scotland now have differing management responsibilities towards the built and natural environments of the island, joining the international faith group, the Iona Community. This has created a complex dynamic of new names, translated names, and forgotten names, in Gaelic and English, a contested landscape of heritage and naming. These place-names (settlement names, landscape and coastal features, monuments) have never been subjected to formal rigorous analysis, despite the fragility of many of the names used by the Gaelic-speaking community in recent times. That fragility (highlighted by recent deaths) makes it vital that we subject this namescape to a programme of rigorous research, publication, curation and dissemination to the public and to official public bodies, and that we do it now. The team we have assembled for this purpose represents cumulative and long-standing expertise on Iona's history and heritage, on place-names and place-name survey, and on Gaelic and history in the adjacent island of Mull. In assembling this team at this time, the project is of utmost timeliness.The core tasks of the project will be to research in-depth the place-names of Iona, to make that research widely available to the public through an online resource, and to bring them to publication in a volume of the Survey of Scottish Place-Names. Because of its long-standing links to Iona, this will also include the place-names of the nearby small uninhabited island of Staffa, also managed by NTS. The research will involve an in-depth investigation of the earliest records of Iona and its landscape, as well as work with modern recordings of Gaelic place-names, and new fieldwork into contemporary usage among the various communities who inhabit and work on Iona. The research will be set against the context of the neighbouring island of Mull, examining how Iona may share features with or differ from its environs. Our work on the concerns of curating heritage place-names will be explored in an international conference on 'Authority and Authenticity', with subsequent essay collection.We will engage fully with a variety of beneficiaries from the project, producing a number of key ancillary outputs designed for the public and for the aid of heritage management: an interactive website allowing exploration of the names and the landscape; a popular guide to the place-names; standardised lists of names. We will further engage with the public and with heritage management bodies via a variety of events, including workshops, and a conference in 2021, the 1500th anniversary of the traditional date of the birth of Iona's founder, St Columba

爱奥纳岛虽然是苏格兰西海岸马尔岛附近的一个小岛，但却是英国和爱尔兰最古老、最丰富、最复杂的地名记录之一。由于多个用户群体以不同的方式与过去的景观互动，它也有一个复杂的现代景观。该项目探讨了爱奥纳及其周边地区的命名动态（历史和不断变化的名称景观），揭示了过去，并提出了作为遗产管理一部分的策划地名的新方法。公元700年左右，爱奥纳修道院的第九方丈Adomnán撰写了《圣哥伦巴的一生》，给了我们对这一景观最早的详细印象，包括我们在英国或爱尔兰最早记录的盖尔语地名。在现代时期，该岛成为游客和古物学家的目的地，他们与古老的文本和传统以及他们发现的景观和纪念碑同时互动，创造，策划和重新激活名字。在过去的一个世纪里，传统的盖尔人农场社区已经发展成为一个更加混合的经济，有更广泛的全年职业，季节性辅助人员和信仰游客的增加。永久性组织，如苏格兰国民信托和苏格兰历史环境，现在对岛上的建筑和自然环境负有不同的管理责任，加入了国际信仰团体爱奥纳社区。这就造成了盖尔语和英语中新名字、翻译名字和被遗忘名字的复杂动态，形成了遗产和命名的竞争格局。这些地名（定居点名称、景观和海岸特征、纪念碑）从未受到正式严格的分析，尽管盖尔语社区最近使用的许多名字很脆弱。这种脆弱性（最近的死亡事件凸显了这一点）使得我们必须将这一命名纳入一个严格的研究、出版、管理和向公众和官方公共机构传播的方案，而且我们现在就要这样做。我们为此目的组建的团队在爱奥纳岛的历史和遗产、地名和地名调查以及邻近马尔岛的盖尔语和历史方面具有累积和长期的专业知识。在这个时候组建这个团队，这个项目是最及时的。该项目的核心任务将是深入研究爱奥纳岛的地名，通过在线资源将研究成果广泛地提供给公众，并将其发表在《苏格兰地名调查》的一卷中。由于它与爱奥纳岛的长期联系，这也将包括附近无人居住的斯塔法岛的地名，斯塔法岛也由国家税务局管理。这项研究将包括对爱奥那岛及其景观的最早记录进行深入调查，以及对盖尔语地名的现代记录进行研究，并对在爱奥那岛居住和工作的各种社区的当代用法进行新的实地调查。这项研究将以邻近的马尔岛为背景，研究爱奥纳岛与周围环境的共同特征或不同之处。我们在遗产地名策划方面的工作将在“权威与真实性”国际会议上进行探讨，并在随后的论文集中发表。我们将与项目的各种受益者充分合作，为公众和文物管理提供一些重要的辅助产出：一个互动网站，让人们探索名称和景观；一本很受欢迎的地名指南；标准化的名单。我们将通过各种活动进一步与公众和遗产管理机构合作，包括研讨会和2021年的会议，这是Iona创始人圣哥伦布诞辰1500周年的传统日期

项目成果

A hill of angels and fairies: Sìthean Mòr, Iona and the dynamics of Scottish onomastics

天使和仙女的山丘：塞蒂安·莫尔、爱奥娜和苏格兰专名学的动态

• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Namn og Nemne
• 作者: Evemalm-Graham S

Iona in the Viking Age: laying a 'zombie narrative' to rest

维京时代的爱奥那：终结“僵尸叙事”

• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Current Archaeology
• 作者: Maldonado A

"Replicating a sacred landscape: the cult of Saint Odrán in Scottish place-names"

“复制神圣的景观：苏格兰地名中对圣奥德兰的崇拜”

• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: The Journal of Scottish Name Studies
• 作者: Márkus G

Four blessings and a funeral: Adomnán's theological map of Iona

四个祝福和一个葬礼：阿多南的爱奥那神学地图

• DOI: 10.3366/inr.2021.0279
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: The Innes Review
• 作者: Márkus G

Iona's Namescape Blog: various posts

Iona 的 Namescape 博客：各种帖子

• 发表时间: 2020
• 作者: Evemalm-Graham S