Scottish Toponymy in Transition: Progressing County Surveys of the Place-Names of Scotland

转型中的苏格兰地名：苏格兰地名县调查进展

• 批准号: AH/I002014/1
• 负责人: Thomas Clancy
• 金额: $ 92.48万
• 依托单位: University of Glasgow
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2011 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FI002014%2F1
• 关键词: Scottish; Toponymy; Transition; Progressing; County

Scotland's place-names are among the richest resources for its linguistic and cultural past, yet they remain largely without detailed and systematic survey. The landmark five-volume Place-Names of Fife, by Simon Taylor with Gilbert Márkus (2006-11) brings new momentum to the survey of Scotland's place-names, which the present project aims to perpetuate. Moreover, it provides new paradigms and methodologies for the investigation and presentation of place-names. Moving from Fife to other counties, this project tests these methods, and provides a template for a full-scale, long-term county survey of Scotland. The project will complete and publish two full county surveys within the funded period, Kinross-shire (KNR) and Clackmannanshire (CLA). Both these counties are manageable, the pre-1975 counties having 5 parishes each (c.200 names per county). Each has had a substantial amount of research on its place-names already, chiefly by members of the project team. Investigating these two counties is not simply a matter of survey. Although both neighbour Fife to the west, each contains particular toponymic registers that do not precisely correspond with Fife. In investigating these counties, key questions must be posed, regarding the nature of toponymic localism, the border(s) of 'Pictish' and 'British', and the varied levels and chronology of Gaelicisation experienced in each region. As illustration, a notable series of place-names containing the habitative element gart 'enclosed field; clearing' exists in CLA, but these names stop more or less abruptly at the border of Fife. Conversely, although Fife contains an abundance of place-names employing the important element pett 'portion of an estate', these are not to be found in the historical core of KNR and only three minor names of this sort survive in CLA. These examples suggest that different factors are at play in the toponymy of central Scotland as one heads west from Fife, and this project will address these differences. The production of these two county surveys will be conducted alongside work on other counties, in distinct regions: Menteith in historical Perthshire, Cunninghame in Ayrshire and Berwickshire in the Borders. The project team brings key expertise to each of these, making them natural areas to progress to. Menteith in particular is well advanced, allowing preparation of 1 volume of a projected 2. Although the outputs from these areas will not include full survey publication, work will be informed and advanced significantly by progressing in tandem with the completion of two new counties. This process will allow methodological issues to be addressed so as to ensure applicability across a greater range of linguistic, political, and data-source contexts. Key research questions within this methodological portion of the project relate to historical and linguistic approaches in both analysis and presentation; and the effect of varied sources and date-horizons on the presentation of survey data.The project also aims to provide a new paradigm of public engagement with place-names. A series of exchanges in talks and library exhibitions, organised in collaboration with local history societies and local councils, will enhance the researchers' understanding of and access to place-names, and enrich the public's awareness of and relation to their local environment and its linguistic landscape. By the project-end, survey of Scotland's rich and complex place-name legacy will have been significantly advanced. Two full counties will have been surveyed, and three new counties set on the road to completion, the templates and infrastructure for further surveys will have been developed, key issues of methodology and approach established, and new insights into the complexities of the toponyms gained. It will have cemented and built on the insights gained over the past two decades in Scottish onomastics, and consolidated the research base of place-name studies in Scotland.

苏格兰的地名是其语言和文化历史中最丰富的资源之一，但它们在很大程度上仍然没有详细和系统的调查。西蒙·泰勒与吉尔伯特·马尔库斯（2006-11）合著的具有里程碑意义的五卷本《法夫地名》为苏格兰地名调查带来了新的动力，本项目旨在使其永久化。此外，它为地名的调查和提出提供了新的范例和方法。从法夫转移到其他县，这个项目测试这些方法，并提供了一个全面的，长期的苏格兰县调查模板。该项目将在资助期间完成并公布两个完整的县调查，金罗斯郡（KNR）和克拉克曼南郡（CLA）。这两个县都是可管理的，1975年以前的县每个县有5个教区（每个县约200个名字）。每一个机构都已对其地名进行了大量研究，主要是由项目小组成员进行的。考察这两个县，不是简单的考察问题。虽然两者都与法夫西部相邻，但每一个都有特定的地名登记册，与法夫并不完全对应。在调查这些县，关键问题必须提出，关于地名地方主义的性质，边界（S）的“皮克特人”和“英国”，并在每个地区经历的盖尔语化的不同水平和年表。作为例证，一系列值得注意的地名包含居住元素gart 'enclosed field; clearing'存在于CLA，但这些名称或多或少突然停止在法夫的边界。相反，虽然法夫包含了丰富的地名雇用的重要元素pett '部分的一个地产'，这些都没有被发现在历史核心的KNR和只有三个小的名字，这种生存在CLA。这些例子表明，不同的因素在苏格兰中部的地名发挥作用，因为一个从法夫向西，本项目将解决这些差异。这两个县的调查工作将与其他县的调查工作一起进行，这些县位于不同的地区：历史上的佩思郡的门蒂斯、艾尔郡的坎宁安和边境的贝里克郡。项目团队为每一个领域带来了关键的专业知识，使它们成为自然的进步领域。特别是门蒂斯是先进的，允许准备1卷的计划2。虽然这些领域的产出将不包括完整的调查出版物，但随着两个新州的完成，工作将得到通报并大大推进。这一进程将使方法问题得到解决，以确保适用于更广泛的语言、政治和数据来源背景。该项目这一方法部分的主要研究问题涉及分析和列报的历史和语言方法;不同来源和日期范围对列报调查数据的影响，该项目还旨在提供公众参与地名的新范例。与本地历史学会和地方议会合作，举办一连串讲座和图书馆展览，以加强研究人员对地名的了解和接触，并加深公众对当地环境和语言景观的认识和联系。到项目结束时，对苏格兰丰富而复杂的地名遗产的调查将取得重大进展。将对两个完整的州进行调查，三个新的州即将完成调查，将为进一步调查开发模板和基础设施，确定方法和做法的关键问题，并对地名的复杂性有新的认识。它将巩固和发展过去二十年在苏格兰专名学方面获得的见解，并巩固苏格兰地名研究的研究基础。

项目成果

Scottish Toponymy in Transition: progressing county surveys of the place-names of Scotland

转型中的苏格兰地名：正在进行的苏格兰地名县调查

• 发表时间: 2012
• 期刊: Scottish Place-Name News
• 作者: Hough C

Breaking old and new ground : a comparative study of coastal and inland naming in Berwickshire

开拓新天地：伯里克郡沿海和内陆命名的比较研究

• 发表时间: 2016
• 作者: Dunlop Leonie Mhari

The green belt and beyond: metaphor in the landscape

绿化带及其以外：景观中的隐喻

• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: Scottish Place-Name News
• 作者: Hough C

The Place-names of Perthshire, vol. 1: Menteith

佩斯郡地名，卷。

• 作者: McNiven P

Perceptions of Place: Twenty-First-Century Interpretations of English Place-Names Studies

对地方的看法：二十一世纪英语地名研究的解释

• 发表时间: 2013
• 作者: Clancy T O