COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY OF THE NORMAL AND INFLAMED PLEURA

胸腔积液经常并发炎性或 传染病 例如，肺炎患者， 40%出现积液，可能损害肺功能 并增加发病率。 这项研究的生理学的 正常和发炎的胸膜将检查这些因素负责 因为过滤和清除的不平衡， 液体的积累。 物种之间的比较方法 不同的内脏胸膜会区分出 脏层和壁层胸膜对清除 积液 更多的研究将集中在淋巴功能上。 正常胸膜生理学研究将包括确定 1）液体体积，2）蛋白质过滤（通过示踪动力学），3） 液体和蛋白质的清除率（通过人工 胸水），和4）淋巴清除和途径（通过 颗粒清除、伽马成像）。 炎症胸膜研究将包括确定1） 蛋白质过滤速率（通过示踪动力学），2）液体速率， （人工胸腔积液的）蛋白质清除，3） 内脏和壁层胸膜（血管标记，组织学， 放射性标记的微球），以及4）介质的贡献 以及渗出物形成中的细胞（抑制剂和消耗 研究）。 这位候选人是诺曼·斯托布实验室的一位肺部研究员， 她已经熟悉了她所做的大部分实验。 求婚 她做过一些实验， 人工胸腔积液的动力学、清除和测量 稀释体积。 她对肺科有很长的兴趣 研究，并具有研究的愿望和潜力 事业 弗朗西斯科总医院和心血管 研究所拥有优良的设施和人员， 很好地支持了这项研究。

Pleural effusions frequently complicate inflammatory or infectious diseases. Of patients with pneumonia, for instance, 40% develop an effusion, which can impair pulmonary function and increase morbidity. This study of the physiology of the normal and inflamed pleura will examine those factors responsible for the imbalance of filtration and clearance which cause the accumulation of liquid. A comparative approach between species with different visceral pleuras will sort out the relative contribution of the visceral and parietal pleuras to clearance of effusions. Additional studies will center on lymphatic function. Normal pleural physiology studies will include the determination of the 1) liquid volume, 2) protein filtration (by tracer kinetics), 3) rate of clearance of liquid and protein (by artificial hydrothoraces), and 4) lymphatic clearance and pathways (by particle clearance, gamma imaging). Inflamed pleural studies will include the determination of the 1) protein filtration rate (by tracer kinetics), 2) rate of liquid and protein clearance (of artificial hydrothoraces), 3) response of the visceral and parietal pleuras (vascular labeling, histology, radiolabeled microspheres), and the 4) contribution of mediators and cells in formation of the effusion (inhibitor and depletion studies). The candidate, a pulmonary fellow in Norman Staub's laboratory, is already well acquainted with most of the experiments she proposes. She has performed experiments involving tracer kinetics, clearance of artificial hydrothoraces, and measurement of volume by dilution. She has had a long interest in pulmonary research and has both the desire and the potential for a research career. The San Francisco General Hospital and the Cardiovascular Research Institute have excellent facilities and personnel and are well equipped to support this research.