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Ocean Modern: Liners and Literature

海洋现代：班轮和文学

基本信息

批准号：
AH/X004309/1
负责人：
Faye Hammill
金额：
$ 17.23万
依托单位：
University of Glasgow
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Fellowship
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2023 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FX004309%2F1
关键词：
Ocean Modern Liners Literature

项目摘要

"Ocean liners remain one of the most powerful and admired symbols of twentieth-century modernity", according to the curators of a 2018 V&A exhibition. "No form of transport," they add, "was as romantic, remarkable or contested." This project asks why the ocean liner is so powerfully symbolic and what, exactly, it is symbolic of. In particular, it investigates the complex, conflicted meanings that are invested in the liner in literary texts, and uncovers its role in cultures of print and reading.Between the late 19th and mid-20th centuries, large steel-hulled steamships carried millions of emigrants, refugees, troops, business-people, convalescents, celebrities, tourists and students. Shipping companies were crucial to the economic and technological development of many countries. They co-operated with governments in wartime naval operations and peacetime projects of nation- and empire-building. Liners were agents of international literary culture, carrying printing presses, libraries and bookshops. Their interiors became exhibition spaces for artists and designers. All these aspects are taken up in a wide range of novels, plays and poems by authors ranging from Claude McKay to Rebecca West, David Bone to Eugene O'Neill. Those texts - in turn - contribute to public fascination with the liner and to its broader cultural meanings. The allure of the liner derives from associations with mobility, innovation and glamour. Yet this can obscure the implication of shipping firms in oppressive and unjust practices, in contexts ranging from colonialism to armed conflict, labour disputes and forced migration. A crucial question is: can the ocean liner be a site of resistance in literary narrative or is it always aligned with the power of governments, capital and elites? In our own time, when sea crossings are still associated both with extreme luxury (all-inclusive cruises) and extreme peril (refugee small boats), this question has lost none of its resonance. The project also asks how individual ships, and the experiences of their staff and passengers, are promoted, documented, commemorated and mythologised. This part of the research draws extensively on shipping company archives. These rich collections - including posters, brochures, and staff magazines, as well as logs, diaries and voyage scrapbooks - are mostly used by geneaologists or transport historians. They will yield new insight when compared with the darker and more ambivalent narratives found in literary texts.Like the Clyde-built liners themselves, the project originates in Glasgow but extends its reach across the world. Shipping has shaped Scotland's 'cultural identity and economy' (Marine Scotland, Blue Economy Vision 2022). It is particularly crucial to the history, culture and built environment of the Clyde, Forth and Tay regions, and their maritime heritage communities will be key beneficiaries of - and contributors to - the research. There is much potential for knowledge exchange with former passengers and shipyard workers, local historians, and those conserving historic ships. My preparatory engagement with these groups has provided me with valuable feedback and insight, and has revealed a great appetite for knowledge about the literary and cultural narratives surrounding ships built in Scotland. These narratives allow local stories to be connected to the international iconography and mythology of the liner. The project's findings will be presented in a book, a set of ship case studies, and a series of live and online activities designed to engage with ship enthusiasts, heritage organisations and schools. As the first study of ocean liners in literary culture, the book will break new ground in English Studies, modernist studies and book history. It will be invaluable, too, in fields where liners are already an object of study: maritime and oceanic studies; cultural geography; travel and transport history; and visual culture studies.

“远洋班轮仍然是二十世纪现代化最强大和最受赞赏的象征之一，”2018年V&A展览的策展人说。“没有一种交通方式，”他们补充说，“是浪漫的，非凡的或有争议的。“这个项目问为什么远洋班轮是如此强大的象征，以及它到底是什么象征。特别是，它研究了在文学文本中投资于班轮的复杂，冲突的意义，并揭示了它在印刷和阅读文化中的作用。在19世纪末和20世纪中期，大型钢壳蒸汽船运载了数百万移民，难民，军队，商人，康复者，名人，游客和学生。航运公司对许多国家的经济和技术发展至关重要。他们在战时的海军行动和和平时期的国家和帝国建设项目中与政府合作。班轮是国际文学文化的媒介，承载着印刷机、图书馆和书店。它们的内部成为艺术家和设计师的展览空间。从克劳德·麦凯到丽贝卡·韦斯特，从大卫伯恩到尤金奥尼尔，作家们在大量的小说、戏剧和诗歌中都提到了这些方面。这些文本-反过来-有助于公众对班轮的迷恋及其更广泛的文化意义。班轮的魅力来自于与流动性、创新和魅力的联系。然而，这可能掩盖航运公司在殖民主义、武装冲突、劳资纠纷和强迫移徙等背景下的压迫和不公正做法的影响。一个至关重要的问题是：远洋客轮是否可以成为文学叙事中的反抗之地，或者它总是与政府、资本和精英的权力相联系？在我们自己的时代，当海上过境仍然与极端豪华（全包邮轮）和极端危险（难民小船）联系在一起时，这个问题并没有失去它的共鸣。该项目还探讨了如何推广、记录、纪念和神话化个别船只及其工作人员和乘客的经历。这部分研究广泛利用了航运公司的档案。这些丰富的收藏品-包括海报，小册子和员工杂志，以及日志，日记和航行剪贴簿-主要由基因学家或运输历史学家使用。与文学作品中更黑暗、更矛盾的叙述相比，它们将产生新的见解。就像克莱德建造的班轮本身一样，该项目起源于格拉斯哥，但它的影响力遍及世界各地。航运塑造了苏格兰的“文化身份和经济”（海洋苏格兰，蓝色经济愿景2022）。这对克莱德、福斯和泰地区的历史、文化和建筑环境尤为重要，他们的海洋遗产社区将是这项研究的主要受益者和贡献者。与以前的乘客和造船厂工人、当地历史学家以及保护历史船只的人进行知识交流的潜力很大。我与这些团体的预备接触为我提供了宝贵的反馈和见解，并揭示了对苏格兰造船的文学和文化叙事知识的极大兴趣。这些叙述使当地的故事与班轮的国际形象和神话联系起来。该项目的研究结果将以一本书、一系列船舶案例研究以及一系列旨在与船舶爱好者、遗产组织和学校互动的现场和在线活动的形式呈现。作为第一部从文学文化角度研究远洋客轮的著作，该书将在英国文学研究、现代主义文学研究和图书史研究等方面开辟新的天地。在邮轮已经成为研究对象的领域，它也将是无价的：海事和海洋研究;文化地理学;旅行和运输史;视觉文化研究。