Digital Islam across Europe: Understanding Muslims' Participation in Online Islamic Environments

当代穆斯林社区内的社会、宗教和政治等级制度正因精英对知识的垄断而发生变化。数字革命加强了跨国流散的联系，扩大了整个欧洲穆斯林人口的代际差异。然而，我们对在线伊斯兰环境（OIEs）的创建、使用和影响的总体理解是非常有限的。该项目调查了当代oie的特点，以及它们对不同欧洲背景下不同穆斯林人口的社会和宗教习俗的影响。它侧重于oie的生产者和使用者之间的互动，研究个人和团体如何、何时以及为什么在互联网上就一系列社会和宗教问题寻求建议，以及他们的在线和离线经验和做法如何相互影响。该项目需要对五个欧洲国家：立陶宛、波兰、西班牙、瑞典和联合王国的oie的生产和使用进行深入研究。该项目的核心是考察不同的穆斯林人口如何参与在线生态系统，为与伊斯兰教有关的问题提供正式或非正式的建议。它将展示这些互动如何塑造，以及如何被特定在线生产者的成功所塑造。它还将分析世界动物卫生组织的这些用法如何在不同的国家环境中促使个人行为和信念的改变。该项目的研究采用定性与定量相结合的方法。其中包括对oie的生产者和使用者进行半结构化访谈，对上网习惯进行网络追踪，以及对在线伊斯兰指导的生产者及其追随者进行跨国调查。该研究将为特定利益相关者（包括穆斯林组织和网络、国家决策者和第三部门组织）提供关于oie动态和社会影响的简明解释。

Contemporary social, religious, and political hierarchies within Muslim communities are transformed by the eroding monopolization of knowledge by elites. The digital revolution intensified transnational diasporic ties and widened inter-generational differences within Muslim populations throughout Europe. Yet, our general comprehension of the creation, use, and influence of Online Islamic Environments (OIEs) is highly limited. This project investigates the characteristics of contemporary OIEs, and their consequences for the social and religious practices of different Muslim populations within and across distinct European contexts. Focusing on the interactions between producers and users of OIEs, it examines how, when and why individuals and groups seek advice on the internet about a range of social and religious issues, as well as how their online and offline experiences and practices shape one another. The project entails in-depth research on the production and use of OIEs in in five European countries: Lithuania, Poland, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. At its core, the project will provide an examination of how diverse Muslim populations engage with the online ecosystem providing formal or informal advice on issues related to Islam. It will show how these interactions shape, and are shaped, by the success of specific online producers. It will also analyse on how these usages of OIE can induce revisions of individual behaviour and belief in different national settings. The research for the project combines qualitative and quantitative methods. These include semi-structured interviews of producers and users of OIEs, a netnographic tracing of online habits, and a transnational survey of producers of online Islamic guidance and their followers. The research will provide concise explanations of the dynamics and social implications of OIEs to specific stakeholders, including Muslim organisations and networks, national policy makers, and third sector organisations.