"Ethical Review to Support Responsible AI in Policing - A Preliminary Study of West Midlands Police's Specialist Data Ethics Review Committee "

警方部署人工智能和新兴技术，在承诺更有效地利用数据预防和侦查犯罪的同时，也带来了相当大的不成比例和干扰基本权利的威胁。西米德兰兹郡警察和犯罪专员和西米德兰兹郡警察数据伦理委员会旨在弥合伦理思考、科学严谨性和对人权的关注之间的差距，从而有助于在警务中负责任的人工智能。围绕西米德兰兹郡警方使用人工智能的民主合法性和公众信任在一定程度上取决于现有的道德治理和做出的公共保证。为了避免任何破坏合法性和公众信任的风险，研究可以帮助我们了解委员会的作用是否履行了我们在下文中提出的保证。这个项目汇集了法律、计算机科学、社会创新和警察领域的不同研究人员团队，他们在敏感背景下的现实世界伦理方法的理论和实践方面拥有丰富的经验。与西米德兰兹郡警察和犯罪专员(WMPCC)的合作为分析人工智能工具在警务中的可操作性以及其数据伦理委员会的建议的影响提供了一个独特的机会。一个具体的重点是对被边缘化群体的人权的影响，以及部署一个交叉的镜头来调查警务人工智能的影响。该项目旨在通过四个工作包解决六个具体的研究挑战。我们将调查数据伦理委员会对技术设计、确定人权关切以及纳入边缘化群体利益的影响。我们将考虑其他框架改进这一过程的潜力，以及可能塑造未来研究的挑战。我们的方法论将审查、观察、理解和沟通。结果将不仅揭示目前未知和不合格的做法，而且将采用最先进的分析方法，从而成为对它们是否适合目标的宝贵测试。该项目不是抽象地解决道德问题，而是植根于人工智能工具在警务中实际应用的真正挑战。我们将不仅关注结果，还将关注通过行使和展示良好治理，以及通过不断观察、学习、改变和改进，可能产生信任或公平的过程。一个关键成果将是基于证据的类型学，这将在整个警务工作中产生广泛影响。通过包括监管机构在内的项目团队的多样化研究网络，所有成果将有可能在整个警务生态系统中传播。我们的团队在综合跨学科研究方面经验丰富。我们结合了法律、计算机科学、刑事司法、社会创新和参与式方法方面的专业知识，以确保研究是强有力的、有见地的和有影响力的。这个项目是刻意雄心勃勃的，将为一个关于负责任的人工智能在警务和敏感环境中的全面示范项目做好准备。

The deployment of AI and emerging technologies by the police, while promising more effective use of data for the prevention and detection of crime, brings with it considerable threats of disproportionality and interference with fundamental rights. The West Midlands Police and Crime Commissioner and West Midlands Police data ethics committee aims to bridge the gap between ethical reflection, scientific rigour and a focus on human rights, thus contributing to responsible AI in policing. Democratic legitimacy and public trust around West Midlands Police's use of AI is partly dependent on the ethics governance in place and the public assurances that are made. To avoid any risks of undermining legitimacy and public trust, research can help us understand if the role of the committee is delivering on the assurances being given, as we set out below.This project brings together a diverse team of researchers in Law, Computer Science, Social Innovation, and Policing, with extensive experience of theory and practice of real-world ethical approaches in sensitive contexts. The partnership with West Midlands Police and Crime Commissioner (WMPCC) presents a unique opportunity to analyse operationalisation of AI tools in policing, and the impacts of advice from its data ethics committee. A specific focus is on effects on human rights of marginalised groups, and on deploying an intersectional lens to investigate the impacts of policing AI. The project is designed to address six specific research challenges via four work packages. We will investigate the influence of the data ethics committee upon technology design, identification of human rights concerns and the incorporation of the interests of marginalised groups. We will consider the potential of other frameworks to improve the process, and the challenges that could shape future research. Our methodology will Review, Observe, Understand and Communicate. The outcomes will not only reveal currently unknown and unqualified practices, but will employ state of art analytical methods and thus serve as a valuable test of their fitness to purpose. The project does not address ethics in the abstract, but is grounded in the real challenges of real applications of AI tools in policing. We will focus not only on outcomes but also on processes which may generate trust or fairness by exercising and displaying good governance, and by continually looking, learning, changing and improving.A key output will be an evidence-based typology, which will have wide-ranging implications across policing. Dissemination of all results across the whole policing ecosystem will be possible through the diverse research networks of the project team, which include regulatory bodies.Our team is experienced in integrated interdisciplinary research. We combine the expertise in law, computer science, criminal justice, social innovation and participatory methodology needed to ensure that the research is robust, insightful and impactful. This project is deliberately ambitious and will prepare the groundwork for a full demonstrator project on responsible AI in policing and sensitive contexts.