OLDER ADULTS' MEMORY FOR WRITTEN MEDICAL INFORMATION

这项研究的主要目标是改善老年人的记忆力 以获取准确的书面医疗信息。这些问题的焦点 将研究影响理解和理解的因素 回忆与某人的观点相矛盾的准确信息 以前持有错误的信念。具体来说，我们打算 调查老年人是否会回忆起准确的信息 骨关节炎(OA)成年人关于他们病情的治疗 受以下因素影响：(1)该信息是否与先前的虚假信息相矛盾 (2)相信或确认先前对此种待遇的真实信念； 呈现信息的文本特征；(3)个性 差异变量；(4)这些变量之间的交互作用。 这项工作的目标是开发文本，以促进 老年人学习准确的信息。 这项研究将测试一个加工和回忆模型 与读者的先验知识相矛盾的信息 一系列四个相互关联的研究。第一项研究将 确定大多数人持有的重要真假信念 关于老年人骨性关节炎的治疗。这是第一次 研究将使用问卷和调查技术，而 剩下的研究将要求参与者阅读和回忆 有关骨关节炎的信息。第二项研究将使用课文 其中，与真假相关的信息的呈现 在研究I中确定的信念有系统地不同，并且 预计将显示召回与虚假信息有关的信息 信念不如回忆与之相关的信息准确 真正的信仰。然后，第三和第四项研究将调查 一些可能的文本操作旨在支持在 我们模型中的每一步，因此增加了 准确回忆。这些操作将包括 符号、语篇结构、修辞形式、论据强度和 个体对认知的需求。第三项研究将集中于 关于认知问题，而第四项研究将集中在 有说服力的问题。这项最终研究还将纳入 以前的研究中的成功操纵也是如此 确定哪种类型的文本最便于更改 对老年骨性关节炎治疗的错误认识 成年人。

The major goal of the research is to improve older adults memory for accurate written medical information. The focus of these studies will be on the factors which affect the comprehension and recall of accurate information which contradicts a person's previously held false beliefs. Specifically, we intend to investigate whether recall of accurate information by older osteoarthritic (OA) adults about treatment of their condition is affected by (1) whether the information contradicts previous false beliefs or affirms previous true beliefs about such treatment; (2) features of the text which presents the information; (3) individual difference variables; and (4) interactions among these variables. The goal of the work is to develop texts which will facilitate the learning of accurate information by older adults. The research will test a model for processing and recalling information that contradicts the reader's prior knowledge through a series of four inter-connected studies. The first study will identify important true and false beliefs held by a majority of older adults about the treatment of osteoarthritis. This first study will use questionnaires and survey techniques, while the remaining studies will require participants to read and recall information about osteoarthritis. The second study will use texts in which the presentation of information related to true and false beliefs identified in study I has been systematically varied, and is expected to show that recall of information related to false beliefs is less accurate than is recall of information related to true beliefs. The third and fourth studies will then investigate some possible text manipulations designed to bolster processing at each step in our model, and thus increase the likelihood of accurate recall. These manipulations will include variations in signaling, text structure, rhetorical form, argument strength, and the individual's need for cognition. The third study will focus on cognitive issues, while the fourth study will focus on persuasive issues. This final study will also incorporate the successful manipulations from the previous studies as well to determine which type of text will best facilitate the changing of erroneous beliefs about the treatment of osteoarthritis in older adults.