OLDER ADULTS' MEMORY FOR WRITTEN MEDICAL INFORMATION

老年人对书面医疗信息的记忆

• 批准号: 3116710
• 负责人: GRACE RICE
• 金额: $ 12.94万
• 依托单位: ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY-TEMPE CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1986
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1986-01-01 至 1992-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3116710
• 关键词: aging; behavior; case history; cognition; human subject; interview; memory; motivation; neural information processing; osteoarthritis; psycholinguistics; psychological tests; reading; therapy

The major goal of the research is to improve older adults memory for accurate written medical information. The focus of these studies will be on the factors which affect the comprehension and recall of accurate information which contradicts a person's previously held false beliefs. Specifically, we intend to investigate whether recall of accurate information by older osteoarthritic (OA) adults about treatment of their condition is affected by (1) whether the information contradicts previous false beliefs or affirms previous true beliefs about such treatment; (2) features of the text which presents the information; (3) individual difference variables; and (4) interactions among these variables. The goal of the work is to develop texts which will facilitate the learning of accurate information by older adults. The research will test a model for processing and recalling information that contradicts the reader's prior knowledge through a series of four inter-connected studies. The first study will identify important true and false beliefs held by a majority of older adults about the treatment of osteoarthritis. This first study will use questionnaires and survey techniques, while the remaining studies will require participants to read and recall information about osteoarthritis. The second study will use texts in which the presentation of information related to true and false beliefs identified in study I has been systematically varied, and is expected to show that recall of information related to false beliefs is less accurate than is recall of information related to true beliefs. The third and fourth studies will then investigate some possible text manipulations designed to bolster processing at each step in our model, and thus increase the likelihood of accurate recall. These manipulations will include variations in signaling, text structure, rhetorical form, argument strength, and the individual's need for cognition. The third study will focus on cognitive issues, while the fourth study will focus on persuasive issues. This final study will also incorporate the successful manipulations from the previous studies as well to determine which type of text will best facilitate the changing of erroneous beliefs about the treatment of osteoarthritis in older adults.

这项研究的主要目标是提高老年人的记忆力 准确的书面医疗信息。 这些焦点 将研究影响理解的因素， 回忆与某人的记忆相矛盾的准确信息 以前有过错误的信仰。 具体来说，我们打算 调查老年人是否记得准确的信息 骨关节炎（OA）的成年人关于治疗他们的病情是 受（1）信息是否与先前的虚假信息相矛盾的影响 （2）相信或确认以前对这种治疗的真实信念; 呈现信息的文本的特征;（3）个人 差异变量;（4）这些变量之间的相互作用。 这项工作的目标是拟订案文， 老年人学习准确的信息。 这项研究将测试一个处理和回忆的模型 与读者的先验知识相矛盾的信息， 四个相互关联的研究。 第一项研究将 确定大多数人所持有的重要的正确和错误的信念 老年人关于骨关节炎的治疗。 该第一 研究将使用问卷和调查技术，而 其余的研究将要求参与者阅读和回忆 关于骨关节炎的信息。 第二项研究将使用文本 在其中呈现与真实和虚假有关的信息， 研究I中确定的信念系统地变化， 预计将显示，召回的信息有关的虚假 信念的准确性低于对与之相关的信息的回忆。 真正的信仰 第三和第四项研究将调查 一些可能的文本操作，旨在支持处理， 在我们的模型中的每一步，从而增加的可能性， 准确的回忆 这些操作将包括 信号、语篇结构、修辞形式、论元强度， 个体对认知的需求。 第三项研究将侧重于 认知问题，而第四项研究将侧重于 有说服力的问题。 最后一项研究还将纳入 从以前的研究成功的操作，以及 确定哪种类型的文本将最有利于改变 关于老年人骨关节炎治疗的错误信念 成年人了