VISUAL CONTROL OF LOCOMOTION

运动的视觉控制基于光流检测 在移动观察点产生的图案。该项目将 继续研究光流方向的感知并扩展 这项研究通过检查光流的功能意义 行走时步态和姿势的控制。一套感性 实验将解决以下方面的突出问题：（1）效果 表面纹理、阴影、3D 结构和流场噪声 航向感知，（2）特定流场变量的重要性 用于平移和曲线航向的感知，以及（3） 平移和曲线过程中眼睛旋转的分解 运动。第二组知觉运动实验将尝试绘制地图 之间的方向特定、相位相关的控制关系 光流变量以及步态和姿势的运动参数。 对象将观看投影在投影中的大视场光流显示 跑步机行走期间的半球形圆顶，而他们的步态运动学 并监测动态。将使用四个来测试控制关系 操纵类型：（1）光流场的突然扰动 引起步态调整，(2) 血流的连续振荡 行走时引起姿势摇摆的场，（3）质变 从一类光流模式到另一类，例如翻译为 曲线运动，以及（4）重新排列之间的关系 光流模式和步态效应器。研究结果将有助于 有关运动视觉控制的基本知识，并将提供 理解知觉运动和步态障碍的基础。

The visual control of locomotion is based on the detection of Optical flow patterns produced at a moving point of observation. This project would continue research on the perception of heading from optical flow and extend this research by examining the functional significance of optical flow for the control of gait and posture during walking. One set of perceptual experiments will address outstanding questions regarding: (1) the effects of surface texture, shading, 3D structure, and flow field noise on the perception of heading, (2) the importance of specific flow field variables for perception of translational and curvilinear heading, and (3) the decomposition of eye rotation during translation and during curvilinear movement. A second set of perceptual-motor experiments will attempt to map out directionally-specific, phase-dependent control relations between optical flow variables and the motor parameters of gait and posture. Subject will view large-field optical flow displays projected in a hemispherical dome during treadmill walking, while their gait kinematics and dynamics are monitored. The control relations will be tested using four types of manipulations: (1) sudden perturbations of the optical flow field that induce adjustments in gait, (2) continuous oscillations in the flow field that induce postural sway during walking, (3) qualitative changes from one class of optical flow patterns to another, e.g. translational to curvilinear movement, and (4) rearrangement of the relationship between the optical flow pattern and the gait effectors. The results will contribute to basic knowledge about the visual control of locomotion, and will provide a basis for understanding perceptual-motor and gait disorders.