VISUAL CONTROL OF ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR--LOCOMOTION

描述(申请人摘要)：此NIMH K02的候选人 独立科学家奖是作为实验心理学家和 对光流的视觉感知进行了实证研究 对人类运动的控制。他的长期目标是整合 在视觉控制的动态描述中研究感知和行动。 短期的职业目标是为他的职业生涯发展一个强大的理论组成部分 研究，包括对光流的神经处理建模和 视觉控制的动力学，并纳入对知觉运动的研究 学习。拟议的职业发展计划包括课程序列 在数学和控制理论方面，神经和动态建模方面的培训 技巧。这一奖励将被用于免除申请人的教学职务。 和行政责任，将全部时间投入到研究和 训练。 拟议研究的具体目标是确定信息如何 在光流中由视觉系统提取并用于控制平衡 以及运动时的方向盘。提出了四个相互关联的项目。 第一个项目，关于对航向的感知，将决定信息 用于在观察者平移和旋转期间感知标题，以及在 使用心理物理学方法观察移动物体的存在。一种模型 这一过程将被正式确定和测试。一个关于视觉控制的项目 方向盘将确定此信息是否用于控制方向盘 对于静止和移动的对象，在操纵杆控制任务中。 第三个项目，关于行走的视觉控制，将研究光流如何 用于控制跑步机行走时的平衡和转向 对感知-动作回路的控制动态进行建模。期末专题 重点是学习控制动力学，并将调查婴儿如何在 “婴儿保镖”探索并学习如何控制一项简单任务的动态， 作为获得运动能力的典范。结果将有助于 掌握对光流的感知和控制的基本知识 运动功能，为视觉运动的临床研究提供了基础 缺陷、步态障碍和行动不便。

DESCRIPTION (Applicant's Abstract): The candidate for this NIMH K02 Independent Scientist Award was trained as an experimental psychologist and has performed empirical research on the visual perception of optic flow and the control of human locomotion. His long-term objective is to integrate work on perception and action in a dynamical account of visual control. Short-term career goals are to develop a strong theoretical component to his research, including modeling the neural processing of optic flow and the dynamics of visual control, and to incorporate research on perceptual-motor learning. The proposed career development plan includes a course sequence in mathematics and control theory, training in neural and dynamical modeling techniques. The award would be used to release the applicant from teaching and administrative responsibilities to devote full time to research and training. The specific aims of the proposed research are to determine how information in optic flow is extracted by the visual system and used to control balance and steering during locomotion. Four interrelated projects are proposed. The first project, on perception of heading, will determine the information used to perceive headings during observer translation and rotation, and in the presence of moving objects, using psychophysical methods. A model of this process will be formalized and tested. A project on visual control of steering will determine whether this information is used to control steering with respect to stationary and moving objects, in a joystick control task. The third project, on visual control of walking, will examine how optic flow is used to control balance and steering during treadmill walking and will model the control dynamics of the perception-action loop. The final project focuses on learning control dynamics and will investigate how an infant in a "baby bouncer" explores and learns to control the dynamics of a simple task, as a model for the acquisition of locomotion. The results would contribute to basic knowledge about the perception of optic flow and the control of locomotion, providing a foundation for clinical research on visual-motor deficits, gait disorders and mobility problems.