HUMAN AGING AND FACE MEMORY

人类衰老和面部记忆

• 批准号: 3119120
• 负责人: JAMES C BARTLETT
• 金额: $ 7.42万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS DALLAS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-07-01 至 1991-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3119120
• 关键词: aging; human old age (65+); human subject; memory; memory disorders; neural information processing; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; psychological identification; visual perception; young adult human (21-34)

The objective of this research is to understand deficits shown by elderly adults in visual long-term memory. Although these age- related deficits are generally small, they have important implications regarding eyewitness testimony by adults of different ages, and they reveal age differences in nonverbal memory mechanisms, which have been studied in other species and have been linked to specific brain structures. The focus of this project is memory for faces, an unusually pure case of nonverbal memory that is both well practiced and ecologically significant across all age groups and generational cohorts, and that is known to show deficits among elderly adults. A first specific aim of the project is to examine the age deficits in memory for faces from an information-processing perspective, comparing young and elderly subjects in the encoding, retention, and retrieval of faces, and clarifying some ambiguities in the prior research literature. A second specific aim is to examine the practical and theoretical implications of age-related increases in false recognitions of new faces. A third specific aim is to explore some hypotheses derived from research on amnesia for age-related deficits in face memory. These hypotheses include pronounced deficits on the part of older individuals in memory for the presentation context of faces, and age-invariance in some types of memory for emotional reactions to faces.

本研究的目的是了解以下方面的缺陷： 老年人的视觉长期记忆。 尽管这些年龄- 相关的赤字一般都很小，他们有重要的 关于不同年龄的成年人的目击证词的影响 他们揭示了非语言记忆的年龄差异 机制，已在其他物种中进行了研究， 与特定的大脑结构有关 本项目的重点 是对面孔的记忆，一种非语言记忆的异常纯粹的例子 这是一个实践良好， 年龄组和世代队列，这是众所周知的显示， 老年人的缺陷。 项目的第一个具体目标 是检查年龄缺陷的记忆面孔从一个 信息处理的角度，比较年轻人和老年人 主题的编码，保留和检索的面孔，和 澄清了先前研究文献中的一些歧义。 一 第二个具体目标是审查的实际和理论 与年龄有关的新闻假报道增加的影响 脸上 第三个具体目标是探索一些假设， 从对与年龄有关的面部缺陷的健忘症的研究中， 记忆 这些假设包括： 部分老年人在记忆中的表现背景 在某些类型的记忆中， 对面孔的情绪反应。