HUMAN AGING AND FACE MEMORY

这项研究的目的是了解以下表现出的缺陷 老年人视觉上的长期记忆。尽管这些年龄段- 相关赤字通常很小，它们具有重要的 不同年龄的成年人对目击证人证词的影响 年龄，他们揭示了非语言记忆的年龄差异 机制，已经在其他物种中研究过，并具有 与特定的大脑结构有关。这个项目的重点是 是面孔记忆，非语言记忆的一种异常纯粹的例子 这既得到了很好的实践，又对所有人都具有生态意义 年龄组和代际队列，这是众所周知的显示 老年人的缺乏症。该项目的第一个具体目标 是为了检查记忆中年龄缺陷的面孔 从信息处理的角度比较年轻人和老年人 人脸编码、保持和提取的受试者，以及 澄清了以前研究文献中的一些模棱两可的地方。一个 第二个具体目标是考察实践和理论 年龄相关增加对新的错误认知的影响 面孔。第三个具体目标是探索推导出的一些假设 失忆治疗面部老年性缺陷的研究进展 记忆。这些假设包括明显的赤字 在演示上下文的内存中的年长个人的一部分 以及在某些类型的记忆中的年龄不变性 对面孔的情绪反应。

The objective of this research is to understand deficits shown by elderly adults in visual long-term memory. Although these age- related deficits are generally small, they have important implications regarding eyewitness testimony by adults of different ages, and they reveal age differences in nonverbal memory mechanisms, which have been studied in other species and have been linked to specific brain structures. The focus of this project is memory for faces, an unusually pure case of nonverbal memory that is both well practiced and ecologically significant across all age groups and generational cohorts, and that is known to show deficits among elderly adults. A first specific aim of the project is to examine the age deficits in memory for faces from an information-processing perspective, comparing young and elderly subjects in the encoding, retention, and retrieval of faces, and clarifying some ambiguities in the prior research literature. A second specific aim is to examine the practical and theoretical implications of age-related increases in false recognitions of new faces. A third specific aim is to explore some hypotheses derived from research on amnesia for age-related deficits in face memory. These hypotheses include pronounced deficits on the part of older individuals in memory for the presentation context of faces, and age-invariance in some types of memory for emotional reactions to faces.