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Identification and functional analysis of surface factors that enable human pathogens to adhere to and colonise plants.

使人类病原体能够粘附和定植于植物的表面因子的鉴定和功能分析。

基本信息

批准号：
BB/I014179/1
负责人：
Nicola Holden
金额：
$ 56.22万
依托单位：
James Hutton Institute
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2011 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FI014179%2F1
关键词：
Identification functional analysis surface factors

项目摘要

Foodborne illness is one of the main burdens of infectious disease in the developed world. Microbes such as viruses, bacteria and parasites are all associated with food and many of them can be found in farm animals, crop plants and water. However, there is an important distinction between those microbes that can use plants or animals as hosts, i.e. are able to proliferate on or within the host, and those that are simply transported through the food chain by them. Just a few bacteria that are foodborne pathogens (including E. coli O157 and Salmonella) account for a large proportion of all foodborne illness, largely because of their extraordinary ability to adapt to a wide range of environments and to proliferate on hosts of any biological kingdom. These pathogens have a strong association with animal hosts, in particular farm animals. From this source, the bacteria can be transmitted into water, by flies or onto growing crops. Although we traditionally associate these bacteria with animal hosts, we have good evidence to show that they can also proliferate on and within plant hosts. This is important because the number of foodborne outbreaks from contaminated fresh produce, in the form of ready-to-eat or minimally processed fruit and vegetables has increased over the past two decades. The increase can only be partly accounted for by better surveillance and detection methods, and there is a possibility that it is also linked to climatic change. Consumption of fresh produce is rightly promoted as part of a healthy life-style, which increases the need to fully understand the basis of colonisation of crop plants by foodborne bacteria. Appreciation of this area is on the rise, although our knowledge of the biological basis to bacteria-plant interactions is in its infancy. Therefore, it is important to build up a solid foundation from which we can make informed decisions that affect food safety practices and government policy. This project aims to determine some of the basic information about how foodborne bacteria colonise crop plants. There are likely to be a large number of genes involved which will fall into different functional families. This project will focus on the genes that encode structures present on the bacterial cell surface, i.e. those most likely to interact directly with plant cells. Preliminary work has already indicated a role for an E. coli O157:H7 adherence factor in bacteria-plant interactions and it will be investigated in much greater detail to fully characterise its role. Structures on the bacteria cell surface seldom work in isolation and when they do, they are extremely tightly controlled to ensure that they are only produced at the most appropriate time. Therefore, additional surface factors of E. coli O157:H7 will be identified, which can then be tested to determine their role in the bacteria-plant interactions. A proportion of the bacterial population are able to enter the internal tissues of plants, where they cannot be removed by conventional sanitation techniques used in food production. Whether any of the bacterial surface factors play a role in bacterial internalisation of plant tissue will also be assessed. The other side of the bacteria-plant relationship will also be examined, to determine whether the plant can sense any of the bacterial surface factors specifically. The approaches used will provide a clearer picture as to the nature of the relationship between plants host and bacteria. The information will contribute to a wider wealth of knowledge, with a common goal to reduce the incidence of foodborne illness.

食源性疾病是发达国家传染病的主要负担之一。微生物，如病毒、细菌和寄生虫，都与食物有关，其中许多可以在农场动物、农作物和水中找到。然而，那些可以利用植物或动物作为宿主的微生物与那些仅仅通过食物链运输的微生物之间有一个重要的区别，即能够在宿主上或宿主内繁殖。在所有食源性疾病中，只有几种食源性致病菌(包括大肠杆菌O157和沙门氏菌)占了很大比例，这主要是因为它们具有非凡的能力，能够适应广泛的环境，并在任何生物王国的宿主上繁殖。这些病原体与动物宿主，特别是农场动物有很强的相关性。从这个源头，细菌可以通过苍蝇传播到水中，或者传播到正在生长的农作物上。虽然我们传统上将这些细菌与动物宿主联系在一起，但我们有很好的证据表明，它们也可以在植物宿主身上和体内繁殖。这一点很重要，因为受污染的新鲜农产品以即食或最低限度加工的水果和蔬菜的形式在过去20年里增加了食源性疫情的数量。这一增长只能部分归因于更好的监测和检测方法，而且也有可能与气候变化有关。食用新鲜农产品是健康生活方式的一部分，这是正确的，这增加了充分了解食源性细菌在作物上定居的基础的必要性。尽管我们对细菌-植物相互作用的生物学基础的了解还处于初级阶段，但对这一领域的认识正在上升。因此，重要的是建立一个坚实的基础，以便我们能够在知情的基础上做出影响食品安全做法和政府政策的决定。该项目旨在确定有关食源性细菌如何在农作物上定居的一些基本信息。可能会有大量的基因参与其中，这些基因将属于不同的功能家族。这个项目将重点放在编码细菌细胞表面结构的基因上，即那些最有可能与植物细胞直接相互作用的基因。初步工作已经表明，大肠杆菌O157：H7黏附因子在细菌-植物相互作用中发挥了作用，将对其进行更详细的研究，以充分表征其作用。细菌细胞表面的结构很少在隔离状态下工作，当它们隔离工作时，它们会受到极其严格的控制，以确保它们只在最合适的时间产生。因此，将确定大肠杆菌O157：H7的其他表面因子，然后可以对其进行测试，以确定它们在细菌-植物相互作用中的作用。细菌种群的一部分能够进入植物的内部组织，在那里它们无法通过食品生产中使用的传统卫生技术去除。还将评估是否有任何细菌表面因素在植物组织的细菌内化中发挥作用。细菌-植物关系的另一面也将被检查，以确定植物是否能特异性地感知任何细菌表面因素。所使用的方法将为植物、宿主和细菌之间的关系的性质提供更清晰的图景。这些信息将有助于更广泛的知识财富，共同目标是减少食源性疾病的发病率。