PERINATAL HIV-IMMUNE FACTORS IN MOTHERS AND INFANTS

描述：(改编自申请人的摘要)拟进行的研究 将对已从感染艾滋病毒的母亲身上收集的样本进行检测 和他们的后代，以及将从 正在进行的艾滋病毒孕妇前瞻性研究。需要考虑的因素 对孕妇的评估将包括：(1)功能性抗体 它们中和同源病毒株或介导ADCC抗体 通过对包膜抗原抗体的合成起反应 外周血B细胞；以及c)细胞毒性T细胞及其前体。这个 将这些抗体转移给他们的婴儿将在选定的 母婴配对。由于ADCC很可能是一个主要的特定 胎儿/新生儿早期清除感染细胞的机制 阶段，脐血淋巴细胞、单核细胞和 介导这一功能的中性粒细胞将被确定。 可能成为感染目标的新生儿免疫细胞的差异， 包括单核细胞、记忆力和幼稚的CD4淋巴细胞 研究了对艾滋病毒感染的易感性、潜伏期和复制， 无论是垂直传播的还是非传播的病毒株。最近的 记忆/幼稚T细胞数量的变化和 2个月大的HIV感染婴儿中活化的单个核细胞 提示对高危婴儿进行此类细胞定量分析的必要性 出生后的早期。这些免疫学研究的结果将被检查。 与从临床流行病学、病毒学和 早期诊断研究正在同一群人中进行。分析了 可能与母婴传播或非传播有关 艾滋病毒应有助于识别关键免疫因素，并协助 定义传输的时序。

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted from the applicant's abstract) The proposed studies will be conducted on specimens already collected from HIV infected mothers and their offspring, as well as on samples that will be available, from ongoing prospective studies of HIV + pregnant women. Factors to be evaluated in the pregnant women will include: (1) functional antibodies which neutralize homologous strains of virus or mediate ADCC, antibodies reactive to envelope synthesis of antibodies to the envelope antigens by peripheral blood B cells; and c) cytotoxic T cells and precursors. The transfer of these antibodies to their infant will be examined in selected maternal/infant pairs. Since ADCC is likely to be a major specific mechanism in the fetus/neonate to eliminate infected cells during the early stage, the ability of cord blood lymphocytes, monocytes and polymorphonuclear cells to mediate this function will be ascertained. Differences in neonatal immune cells likely to be targets of infection, including monocytes, and memory and naive CD4 + lymphocytes, will be studied for susceptibility to HIV infection, latency and replication, with both vertically-transmitted and non-transmitted virus strains. The recent findings of variations in the number of memory/naive T-cells and of activated mononuclear cells in HIV infected infants >2 months of age also indicate the need of quantitative analysis of such cells in at-risk babies early after birth. Results of these immunological studies will be examined in relation to data collected from clinico-epidemiological, virological and early diagnostic studies being conducted in the same cohort. Analyses of possible correlation to maternal-infant transmission or nontransmission of HIV should help to identify critical immune factors and to assist in defining the timing of transmission.