PATELLAR GEOMETRY & KNEE EXTENSOR MECHANICS

髌骨几何形状

• 批准号: 3160255
• 负责人: DWIGHT T. DAVY
• 金额: $ 16.25万
• 依托单位: CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-07-01 至 1993-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3160255
• 关键词: arthroplasty; femur; human tissue; joint ligament; knee; mechanical stress; radiography; statistics /biometry

In spite of the broad success of Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA), problems of clinical function and implant durability persist, especially with regard to the patello-femoral joint. The premise for the proposed study is that in order to make significant further improvement in clinical success rates of TKA it is necessary to develop better understanding of the influence of geometric factors on joint mechanics. The specific aims focus on the influence of patella/joint line geometric parameters on extensor mechanism and joint contact forces. They include: 1) measuring radiographically in a series of normal knees geometric parameters to provide a base-line for evaluating effects of patella vs. joint line positioning following TKA; 2) measuring in a series of intact patellar ligament and quadriceps tendon forces during flexion-extension cycling for a series of superior-inferior patellar ligament insertion positions; 3) measuring in a series of knees with instrumented TKA'S, patellar ligament forces and quadriceps tendon forces during flexion-extension cycling for a series of patellar ligament insertion positions. In the radiographic study, geometric measures will be obtained from x-rays from routine diagnostic examinations to develop the statistical data base defining normal knee geometry. Fresh-frozen knees will be tested in a "quadriceps-driven" test apparatus which can produce continuous flexion-extension cycling. Superior-inferior patellar ligament insertion position will be altered using an adjustable positioning fixture mounted in the tibia. Patellar-femoral and tibial-femoral contact forces will be obtained using six-degree-of-freedom tibial component and patellar component load cells. The data obtained will be used to define how superior-inferior alterations of patellar ligament insertion position affect extensor mechanism forces and joint contact forces, and how they relate to preoperative geometry and mechanics.

尽管全膝关节置换术（TKA）取得了广泛的成功， 临床功能和植入物耐久性持续存在，特别是关于 髌股关节这项研究的前提是， 为了进一步提高临床成功率， TKA有必要更好地了解 几何因素对关节力学的影响。具体目标侧重于 髌骨/关节线几何参数对伸膝机构影响 和联合接触力。它们包括：1）在一个 一系列正常膝关节几何参数，以提供基线 评价TKA后髌骨与关节线定位的影响; 2） 测量一系列完整的髌韧带和股四头肌腱 一系列上下屈曲-伸展循环期间的力 髌韧带止点位置; 3）在一系列膝关节中测量 内固定TKA、髌韧带力和四头肌腱 一系列髌韧带屈曲-伸展循环期间的力 插入位置。 在放射学研究中，将通过X线获得几何测量值 从常规诊断检查到建立统计数据库 定义正常膝关节几何形状。 新鲜冷冻的膝盖将在一个 可产生连续的"四头肌驱动"试验装置 屈伸循环髌前-髌下韧带止点 位置将使用安装在 胫骨髌骨-股骨和胫骨-股骨接触力 使用六自由度胫骨部件和髌骨部件获得 组件称重传感器。所获得的数据将用于确定 髌韧带止点位置上下改变 影响伸肌机制力和关节接触力，以及它们如何 与术前几何学和力学有关。