Root type contribution to phosphate nutrition of rice during asymbiosis and interaction with symbiotic fungi.

水稻非共生及与共生真菌相互作用过程中根系类型对磷酸盐营养的贡献。

• 批准号: BB/N008723/1
• 负责人: Uta Paszkowski
• 金额: $ 77.04万
• 依托单位: University of Cambridge
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2016 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FN008723%2F1
• 关键词: Root; type; contribution; phosphate; nutrition

Phosphate (Pi) is an essential plant macronutrient and occurs in scarce amounts in most soils, which frequently limits plant growth. Plant fitness and crop productivity is directly influenced by the plant root system's efficiency in exploring soil nutrient resources. Plant root systems are composed of distinct root types (RTs), and their ratio and spatial arrangement define root system architecture and nutrient foraging efficiency. RTs may individually respond to their abiotic and biotic soil microenvironment, thereby asymmetrically contributing to plant nutrient acquisition. Consistently, there is a growing interest of scientist and breeders in classifying and quantifying root system architectural traits (reviewed in Rogers and Benfey, 2015) towards 'designer crops with optimal root system architecture for nutrient acquisition' (Kong et al., 2014). Surprisingly however, RTs are 'under-investigated' in particular in adult crops where RT-focused research is missing. The Paszkowski group has addressed this gap in knowledge by studying the RTs of adult rice plants at V8 stage (before flowering). The root system of adult rice is composed of three RTs, the crown, large and fine lateral roots (CR, LLR, FLR, respectively) with distinct developmental and anatomical characteristics. Unique transcriptional signatures for each rice RT were revealed, which suggested distinct roles in nutrient acquisition (Gutjahr et al., 2015). Plants acquire Pi either directly or in association with naturally prevalent arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. In rice, the different RTs exhibit variable extent of colonization with LLR fully and CR partially colonized, whereas FLRs remain non-colonized (Gutjahr et al., 2009). Exposing rice roots to a beneficial AM fungus led to the profound modulation of each RT transcriptome, indicative of a switch in their functional relationship. The contribution of individual RTs to rice Pi nutrition in asymbiosis or during interaction with AM fungi remains at present unclear and represents the main objective of this proposal. In addition, the Paszkowski group has recently discovered that exclusively vacuoles of fungus-containing plant cells accumulated structures resembling polyphosphate-storage bodies (Roth & Paszkowski, unpublished), previously not described for higher plants. Colonized and non-colonized RTs thus appear to differ in the spatial distribution and speciation of tissue phosphorus, which may impact on the nutritional physiology of the plant. The proposed work aims at quantitatively and spatially determining Pi uptake and partitioning into tissue and cellular pools across the RTs of adult rice root systems. The application of a unique combination of interdisciplinary techniques in analytics, imaging and molecular genetics will deliver an insight into in situ phosphorus fluxes at unprecedented spatio-temporal resolution. As a staple food for more than half of the human population, rice is central for food security. The study will inform about RT functioning, important for rational breeding approaches towards improved plant stress tolerance and crop productivity.

磷酸盐（PI）是一种必不可少的植物大量营养素，在大多数土壤中稀缺，经常限制植物生长。植物的健身和作物生产力直接受植物根系在探索土壤养分资源方面的效率的影响。植物根系由不同的根类型（RT）组成，其比率和空间排列定义了根系结构和营养觅食效率。 RT可以单独响应其非生物和生物土壤微环境，从而不对称地促进植物营养的获取。一致地，科学家和育种者对对根系建筑特征进行分类和量化（Rogers and Benfey，2015年综述）对“具有最佳的营养根系结构的设计师作物”（Kong等人，2014年，2014年）。但是，令人惊讶的是，在缺少以RT为重点的研究的成年作物中，RT被“不满意”。 Paszkowski组通过研究V8阶段（开花之前）的成年水稻植物的RT来解决这一差距。成年大米的根系由三个RT组成，即冠，大而细的侧根（CR，LLR，FLR），具有不同的发育和解剖学特征。揭示了每种水稻RT的独特转录特征，这表明在营养获取中有不同的作用（Gutjahr等，2015）。植物直接或与天然普遍的杂草菌根（AM）真菌收购PI。在水稻中，不同的RTs用LLR充分地表现出可变的定殖范围，并部分定植，而FLR仍然不殖民化（Gutjahr等，2009）。将水稻根暴露于有益的AM真菌中，导致了每个RT转录组的深刻调节，这表明其功能关系的转换。目前尚不清楚，单个RT在非生物中或与AM真菌相互作用时对水稻Pi营养的贡献仍然不清楚，这代表了该提案的主要目标。此外，Paszkowski组最近发现，含真菌的植物细胞的液泡堆积了类似于聚磷酸盐存储体（Roth＆Paszkowski，未发表）的结构，以前未针对上等植物描述。因此，定植和非殖民化的RT似乎在组织磷的空间分布和形态上有所不同，这可能会影响植物的营养生理。拟议的工作旨在在成年水稻根系的RTS上进行定量和空间确定的PI摄取并分配到组织和细胞池中。跨学科技术在分析，成像和分子遗传学中的独特组合将在前所未有的时空分辨率下对原位磷滤波器提供见识。作为一半以上人口的主食，大米是粮食安全的核心。该研究将为RT功能提供信息，对于提高植物胁迫耐受性和作物生产率的合理育种方法至关重要。

项目成果

An N-acetylglucosamine transporter required for arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses in rice and maize

水稻和玉米丛枝菌根共生所需的 N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖转运蛋白

• DOI: 10.17863/cam.10289
• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: Nadal M

The impact of domestication and crop improvement on arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in cereals: insights from genetics and genomics

驯化和作物改良对谷物丛枝菌根共生的影响：来自遗传学和基因组学的见解

• DOI: 10.17863/cam.24745
• 发表时间: 2018
• 作者: Paszkowski U

Arbuscular mycorrhizal phenotyping: the dos and don'ts.

• DOI: 10.1111/nph.15489
• 发表时间: 2019-03
• 期刊: The New phytologist
• 作者: Montero H;Choi J;Paszkowski U
• 通讯作者: Paszkowski U

An N-acetylglucosamine transporter required for arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses in rice and maize.

• DOI: 10.1038/nplants.2017.73
• 发表时间: 2017-05-26
• 期刊: Nature plants
• 影响因子: 18
• 作者: Nadal M;Sawers R;Naseem S;Bassin B;Kulicke C;Sharman A;An G;An K;Ahern KR;Romag A;Brutnell TP;Gutjahr C;Geldner N;Roux C;Martinoia E;Konopka JB;Paszkowski U
• 通讯作者: Paszkowski U