VARIANCE IN CHILDREN'S SPEECH--ACOUSTICS AND PERCEPTION

儿童言语的差异——声学和感知

• 批准号: 3216940
• 负责人: RALPH N OHDE
• 金额: $ 6.93万
• 依托单位: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-03-01 至 1995-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3216940
• 关键词: auditory discrimination; human subject; middle childhood (6-11); perception; perception disorder; preschool child (1-5); psychoacoustics; speech; speech disorder diagnosis; speech disorders

Research on the production of stop and nasal consonants in adult speech has shown that these sounds are comprised of acoustic correlates that can be dichotomized into primary invariant properties and secondary variant properties (Cole and Scott, 1974; Stevens and Blumstein, 1981). Although there is evidence from production and perception of adult speech for these properties, little data exist on the role of productive and perceptual invariance and variance in phonological acquisition. The specific aims of this research are to provide acoustic data on stop and nasal consonants in children and to test theories of acoustic and perceptual invariance and variance from a developmental perspective. The perception of children's speech will also be evaluated relative to processes of integration proposed to occur in the perception of adult speech. The significance of this research is that it will provide a basis to examine developmentally theories of invariance and variance by comparing converging evidence from both speech acoustics and perception. To accomplish these aims, eight normal children from each of six age groups, 3, 4, 5, 7, 99, and 11 will record consonant-vowel (CV) syllables comprised of stops /p, t, k, b, d, g/ and nasals /m, n/ each combined with the vowels /i, ae, u, a /. In addition, an adult group of eight subjects will record these stimuli for control purposes. The CV syllables will be analyzed acoustically using LPC and or DFT techniques. Stimulus onsets will be examined relative to invariant templates for labial, alveolar, and velar features. In addition, the following variant properties will be analyzed relative to their characterization of place of articulation in stops and nasals: formant transition onset frequencies, duration of first formant, second and third formant space, loci of formant transitions, and burst frequencies. The perceptual salience for adult listeners of invariant and variant cues for place of articulation in children's speech will be determined by a number of perceptual experiments in which the children's syllables will be digitally edited to preserve various segments. The perceptual salience for child listeners of invariant and variant cues for place of articulation will be determined by experiments employing synthetic speech in which the extent and degree of these properties can be controlled. The level of perceptual integration of these acoustic properties in children's speech for adult listeners will be examined according to a split-channel technique.

成人语音中塞音和鼻音的产生研究 这些声音是由声学相关组成的， 二分法分为主不变性质和次变性质 财产（科尔和斯科特，1974年;史蒂文斯和Blumstein，1981年）。 虽然 有证据表明，从生产和感知的成人讲话，这些 属性，很少有数据存在的作用，生产性和感性 语音习得中的不变性和变异性 的具体目标 本研究的目的是提供北京地区塞音和鼻音的声学数据， 儿童和测试理论的声学和知觉的不变性， 从发展的角度来看。 儿童的感知 还将评估相对于所提出的整合过程的语音 对成人语言的感知 其意义 它将提供一个基础， 理论的不变性和方差通过比较收敛的证据， 语音声学和感知。 为了实现这些目标，8 来自6个年龄组（3、4、5、7、99和11岁）的正常儿童将 记录由塞音/p、t、k、B、d、g/组成的辅音-元音（CV）音节 以及鼻音/m，n/，每个与元音/i，ae，u，a /组合。 在 此外，一个由八名受试者组成的成年组将记录这些刺激， 控制目的。 CV音节将使用LPC进行声学分析 和/或DFT技术。 将检查刺激起始相对于 唇、牙槽和软腭特征的不变模板。 此外，本发明还提供了一种方法， 将相对于它们的特性分析以下变体特性 塞音和鼻音发音位置的特征：共振峰 转换开始频率，第一共振峰持续时间，第二和第三 共振峰空间、共振峰转换的位置和突发频率。 的 知觉的显着性为成人听众的不变和变异线索， 儿童语言中的发音位置由一个数字决定， 在这些知觉实验中， 数字化编辑以保存各个片段。 知觉突显性 儿童听音者对发音位置的不变和变化线索 将通过使用合成语音的实验来确定， 可以控制这些性质的范围和程度。 水平 这些声学特性在儿童语音中的感知整合 成人听众将根据一个分裂的通道进行检查 法