EVALUATION OF COCHLEAR IMPLANTS WITH DEAF CHILDREN

教师、学校管理人员以及听力学家， 耳鼻喉科医生被父母问到， 植入物对他们的重度耳聋孩子有帮助。 因为 深度耳聋对获得 主要的问题是“人工耳蜗是否能帮助我的 孩子学会说话了吗？“耳蜗的巨大花费 植入物，经济上以及情感上的条款， 父母的希望投资，需要建立一个目标， 推荐植入物的依据。 目前， 决策受到对失聪儿童的同情心的影响， 助听器的使用方法有哪些？ 对积极成果的期待。 这些期望是基于 主要是基于语言后报告的成功经验 成熟的成年人。 到目前为止在语前聋方面取得的成果 使用单通道植入物的儿童并不那么有希望， 特别是在口语的发展方面。 拟议的调查旨在客观地确定 无论是耳蜗电刺激器（CES），触觉辅助器（TA）， 声学助听器（AHA）或这些的一些组合， 最适合发展语言前深度耳聋患者的口语 孩子 一项研究将比较理解能力的提高 为20名儿童制作口语， 人工耳蜗植入与20例匹配的触觉障碍儿童的关系 助听器和20个助听器。 所有60名儿童都将参加 同样的强化口语训练计划 这将允许 检查这些装置的影响超过增益 通常通过口头教学来实现。 单个受试者 设计将用于检查言语感知的改善 当CES或TA在同一个孩子体内时， 与器械移除或 关闭. 本项目的预期成果包括：1） 言语感知和言语改善的具体说明 生产能力，可以预期与触觉援助，或 人工耳蜗与传统放大; 2）比较 每种设备在促进 口语和可理解的言语的习得 语前极聋儿童; 3）关于以下方面的建议 选择最有效的设备和培训计划， 特殊类别的重度失聪儿童; 4） 对下列各项的适当成套试验的建议 评估器械有效性。

Teachers, and school administrators as well as audiologists and otolaryngologists are being asked by parents whether a cochlear implant would be of help to their profoundly deaf child. Because of the devastating effect profound deafness has on the acquisition of speech the primary question is "Will a cochlear implant help my child learn to talk?" The extraordinary expense of cochlear implants, financially as well as emotionally in terms of the parents' investment of hope, necessitates establishing an objective basis for recommending an implant. At the present time this decision is influenced by empathy for children so deaf they do not benefit from hearing aids as well as parental and professional expectations of positive results. These expectations are based largely on successful experiences reported by postlingually deafened adults. Results obtained so far on prelingually deaf children with single-channel implants are not as promising, particularly with regard to their development of spoken language. The proposed investigations are intended to determine objectively whether cochlear electrical stimulators (CES), tactile aids (TA), acoustic hearing aids (AHA) or some combination of these are best for developing spoken language in prelingual profoundly deaf children. One study will compare improvements in comprehension and production of spoken language for 20 children fitted with cochlear implants in relation to 20 matched children with tactile aids and 20 with hearing aids. All 60 children will be enrolled in the same intensive oral training program. This will permit examination of the effects of these devices over and above gains normally achieved as a result of oral instruction. A single subject design will be used to examine improvements in speech perception and speech production within the same child when a CES or TA is worn compared to periods in which the device is removed or turned off. The anticipated outcomes of this project include: 1) Specification of improvements in speech perception and speech production ability which may be anticipated with a tactile aid or cochlear implant over conventional amplification; 2) Comparison of the long term advantage of each device in promoting the acquisition of spoken language and intelligible speech in the prelingually profoundly deaf child; 3) Recommendations regarding selection of the most effective device and training program for specific categories of profoundly deaf children; 4) Recommendations for an appropriate battery of tests for evaluating device effectiveness.