EVALUATION OF COCHLEAR IMPLANTS WITH DEAF CHILDREN

聋哑儿童人工耳蜗的评估

• 批准号: 3216897
• 负责人: ANN Elizabeth GEERS
• 金额: $ 28.44万
• 依托单位: CENTRAL INSTITUTE FOR THE DEAF
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-02-01 至 1993-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3216897
• 关键词: auditory discrimination; child with disability; cochlea; cochlear implants; deaf aid; deafness; electrotactile communication; hearing tests; human subject; implant; language development

Teachers, and school administrators as well as audiologists and otolaryngologists are being asked by parents whether a cochlear implant would be of help to their profoundly deaf child. Because of the devastating effect profound deafness has on the acquisition of speech the primary question is "Will a cochlear implant help my child learn to talk?" The extraordinary expense of cochlear implants, financially as well as emotionally in terms of the parents' investment of hope, necessitates establishing an objective basis for recommending an implant. At the present time this decision is influenced by empathy for children so deaf they do not benefit from hearing aids as well as parental and professional expectations of positive results. These expectations are based largely on successful experiences reported by postlingually deafened adults. Results obtained so far on prelingually deaf children with single-channel implants are not as promising, particularly with regard to their development of spoken language. The proposed investigations are intended to determine objectively whether cochlear electrical stimulators (CES), tactile aids (TA), acoustic hearing aids (AHA) or some combination of these are best for developing spoken language in prelingual profoundly deaf children. One study will compare improvements in comprehension and production of spoken language for 20 children fitted with cochlear implants in relation to 20 matched children with tactile aids and 20 with hearing aids. All 60 children will be enrolled in the same intensive oral training program. This will permit examination of the effects of these devices over and above gains normally achieved as a result of oral instruction. A single subject design will be used to examine improvements in speech perception and speech production within the same child when a CES or TA is worn compared to periods in which the device is removed or turned off. The anticipated outcomes of this project include: 1) Specification of improvements in speech perception and speech production ability which may be anticipated with a tactile aid or cochlear implant over conventional amplification; 2) Comparison of the long term advantage of each device in promoting the acquisition of spoken language and intelligible speech in the prelingually profoundly deaf child; 3) Recommendations regarding selection of the most effective device and training program for specific categories of profoundly deaf children; 4) Recommendations for an appropriate battery of tests for evaluating device effectiveness.

教师、学校管理人员以及听觉学家和 耳鼻喉科医生被父母问到是否有人工耳蜗 植入物将对他们的极度失聪的孩子有所帮助。因为 严重耳聋对收购的破坏性影响 演讲的首要问题是“植入人工耳蜗会帮助我 孩子学说话？“超常的人工耳蜗费 植入，无论是在经济上还是在情感上 父母对希望的投资，需要确立一个目标 推荐植入物的依据。目前，这一点 决定受到对聋子的同情心的影响，他们不会 受益于助听器以及父母和专业人士 对积极结果的预期。这些预期是基于 主要基于语言后报告的成功经验 失聪的成年人。到目前为止关于语言前期聋人的研究结果 接受单通道植入物的儿童并不那么有前途， 特别是关于他们口语的发展。 拟议的调查旨在客观地确定 无论是耳蜗电刺激器(CES)、触觉辅助器(TA)、 声学助听器(AHA)或它们的某种组合是 最适合发展语前深度失聪的口语 孩子们。一项研究将比较理解能力的提高 并为20名儿童提供口语训练 20例匹配的触觉障碍儿童的人工耳蜗术 艾滋病患者20人，助听器患者20人。所有60名儿童都将参加 同样的强化口语训练计划。这将允许 对这些设备的影响超过增益的检查 通常是通过口头教学来实现的。单一主题 设计将被用来检查语音感知的改善 当CES或TA是 佩戴的时间与拆卸设备或 关了。本项目的预期成果包括：1) 语音感知和语音方面的改进说明 可通过触觉辅助或触觉辅助来预期的生产能力 人工耳蜗术优于常规扩大术；2)比较 每种设备在促进 英语口语的习得和可理解的语言 语前深度失聪儿童；3)关于 选择最有效的设备和培训方案 特定类别的严重失聪儿童；4) 推荐一组适当的测试 评估设备的有效性。