NEURAL BASIS OF TASTE ELICITED INGESTION AND REJECTION

味觉引起摄入和排斥的神经基础

• 批准号: 3216829
• 负责人: JOSEPH B TRAVERS
• 金额: $ 8.57万
• 依托单位: OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1986
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1986-09-01 至 1994-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3216829
• 关键词: brain mapping; brain stem; eating; electromyography; facial muscles; facial nerve; hypoglossal nerve; interneurons; laboratory rat; motor neurons; neural information processing; neuromuscular function; neurophysiology; neuropsychology; proprioception /kinesthesia; psychophysiology; reticular formation; sensory discrimination; solitary tract nucleus; taste; touch; trigeminal nerve

The objective of this research proposal is to determine the neural substrate in the rodent hindbrain through which gustatory stimuli guides ingestive behavior. Although the regulation of ingestive behavior is exceedingly complex, involving widespread regions of the central nervous system, the basic regulatory function of taste is complete in the caudal brainstem. Chronic electromyographic recording experiments have characterized the behaviors of ingestion and rejection to gustatory stimuli by determining the activation sequences of a subset of trigeminal, facial, ambiguous and hypoglossal muscles. Recording from hypoglossal neurons in parallel with the electromyography reveals differential responses of protruder motoneurons from retractor motoneurons to different gustatory stimuli during ingestion and rejection. The neural substrate mediating these oro-motor responses is polysynaptic and anatomical experiments have delineated regions in the brainstem reticular formation and nucleus of the solitary tract as candidate regions for coordinating and sequencing the complex synergies of ingestion and rejection. Using neurophysiological techniques in acute experiments, neurons in these regions will be tested for their sensitivities to intra-oral tactile, gustatory and proprioceptive stimuli and connectivity to oro-motor nuclei. The dynamic responses of interneurons will be tested during ingestion and rejection and compared to motoneuron responses in chronic experiments. Anatomical tracing studies will determine if protruder and retractor motoneurons that respond differentially to gustatory stimuli have different interneuron projections. Chronic disorders such as obesity, hypertension and anorexia nervosa are related to disordered ingestion. Understanding the neurological basis of this fundamental biological decision to ingest or reject will contribute to the eventual solution of these chronic debilitating disorders

该研究建议的目的是确定神经 啮齿动物后脑中的底物通过，味觉刺激 指导摄取行为。 虽然摄取的调节 行为非常复杂，涉及广泛的地区 中枢神经系统，口味的基本调节功能 在尾脑干中完成。 慢性肌电图 记录实验表征了摄入的行为 并通过确定激活来拒绝味觉刺激 三叉神经，面部，模棱两可的子集的序列 肌肉肌肉。 从降压神经元记录 与肌电图平行的揭示了差异反应 从缩写运动神经元到不同的突起运动神经元 摄入和排斥期间的味觉刺激。 神经 介导这些面膜运动反应的底物是多突触的， 解剖学实验已划定了脑干的区域 孤立区的网状形成和核作为候选者 协调和测序复杂协同作用的区域 摄入和拒绝。 在 急性实验，将测试这些区域的神经元 它们对口腔内触觉，味觉和 本体感受刺激和与ORO运动核的连通性。 这 摄入期间将测试中间神经元的动态反应 和拒绝，并与慢性的运动神经元反应相比 实验。 解剖学追踪研究将确定是否 突出器和缩回运动神经元对 味觉刺激具有不同的中间神经元预测。 慢性的 肥胖，高血压和神经性厌食症等疾病是 与摄入量无序有关。 了解神经系统 这项基本生物学决定的基础，要摄取或拒绝 将有助于这些慢性的最终解决方案 使人衰弱的疾病