ACOUSTIC AND PERCEPTUAL INVARIANCE IN SPEECH

该提案的主要目标是开发、测试和 完善语音声学不变性理论。 我们将扩大我们的 语音特征的声学特性研究， 语音对比 我们将研究发音的摩擦音部位 通过探索摩擦噪声中的频谱模式， 音节首擦音前有浊塞音 探讨摩擦音中声门兴奋的特点 噪声和摩擦音起始边界附近的区域， 偏移，通过检查模式来确定关节的停止/滑动方式 在特定的频率区域发生的振幅变化， 止动-滑动释放附近，以及通过 检查鼻杂音的振幅和频率 杂音的特征。 我们将研究 不变量属性的特定可变性来源，包括 辅音性质并列对相邻辅音的影响 辅音特性，语音库存的影响， 特别是语言对声学性质的影响，以及 扬声器速率对声学特性的影响。 最后，我们将探讨 声学/语音特性影响单词识别的程度， 词汇存取 我们将调查在多大程度上， 变音（声音起始时间）和语音变音（音节 减少）影响单词识别，我们将探讨是否声学 与特定语音特征相关联的“痕迹”被留在 一个语音片段，它经历了语音和音韵的规则支配 进程以及“跟踪”是否符合不变属性 与语音特征相关;并且，我们将探索 一个词的声学特性会影响词汇的通达， 特别是语义启动。 我们的一般研究策略包括执行详细的声学 分析自然语音标记并进行感知实验 使用合成和计算机编辑的自然语音。 的目标 声学分析是为了识别那些与 特别是语音特征，以设计量化这些算法 性能，并通过应用这些措施来测试其有效性 将它们转换为一组新的自然语音数据。 感知实验将是 进行，以帮助我们专注于潜在的关键部分， 声学信号，其中不变的属性可能驻留，并 探索这些属性的感知后果， 识别特定的语音维度。 词汇判断 实验将探讨声学/语音的影响， 词法访问的属性。

The broad objectives of this proposal are to develop, test, and refine a theory of acoustic invariance in speech. We will extend our research on the acoustic properties for a number of phonetic features and phonetic contrasts. We will investigate fricative place of articulation by exploring the spectral patterns in the frication noise, the voicing of syllable-initial fricatives preceded by voiced and voiceless stops by exploring the characteristics of glottal excitation in the fricative noise and in the regions near the boundaries of the fricative onset and offset, the stop/glide manner of articulation by examining the patterns of amplitude change occurring in particular frequency regions in the vicinity of the stop-glide release, and nasal manner of articulation by examining the amplitude of the nasal murmur as well as the frequency characteristics of the murmur. We will investigate the effects of particular sources of variability on invariant properties, including the effects of the juxtaposition of consonantal properties on adjacent consonantal properties, the effects of the phonetic inventory of a particular language on the nature of acoustic properties, and the effects of speaker-rate on acoustic properties. Finally, we will explore the extent to which acoustic/phonetic properties affect word recognition and lexical access. We will investigate the extent to which sub-phonetic variations (voiceonset time) and phonological variations (syllable reduction) affect word recognition, we will explore whether an acoustic 'trace' associated with a particular phonetic feature is left in a phonetic segment that undergoes rule-governed phonetic and phonological processes and whether the 'trace' conforms to invariant properties associated with the phonetic feature; and, we will explore the extent to which the acoustic properties of a word affect lexical access and in particular semantic priming. Our general research strategy includes performing detailed acoustic analyses of natural speech tokens and conducting perception experiments using synthetic and computer-edited natural speech. The goals of the acoustic analyses are to identify those invariant properties relating to particular phonetic features, to devise algorithms for quantifying these properties, and to test the effectiveness of these measures by applying them to a new set of natural speech data. Perception experiments will be conducted to help us focus on potentially critical portions of the acoustic signal where invariant properties are likely to reside, and to explore the perceptual consequences of these properties for the identification of particular phonetic dimensions. Lexical decision experiments will be conducted to explore the effects of acoustic/phonetic properties on lexical access.