SPEECH BREATHING KINEMATICS ACROSS THE HUMAN LIFE SPAN

非侵入性空气力学方法将被用来研究各种 正常言语呼吸和言语呼吸障碍的各个方面。 将进行四项初步调查。第一 调查将文件的性质正常地出现 并为婴幼儿言语呼吸提供了数据 婴幼儿言语呼吸的基础 疾病是可以比较的。第二次调查将考验 元音发音过程中喉部呼吸道阻力假说 随着年龄的增长而减少，从而导致 呼吸器的补偿性调整。相同 调查还将提供所需的规范数据，以加强 成人发声障碍的临床评价与处理 所有年龄段的人。第三次调查将阐明这一机制。 与言语呼吸障碍有关的有 帕金森氏症。这项调查将扩大对 神经运动障碍对言语产生的影响 将有应用价值的信息贡献给评估 以及帕金森症患者的管理。第四次 调查将测试不正常的桁架对语音的影响 腹部瘫痪或瘫痪患者的呼吸 由脊髓损伤引起。这项调查的数据 将对临床管理策略产生直接影响 神经运动病患者言语呼吸控制的研究 影响腹部肌肉控制的损伤。的应用 所提到的四项调查应扩展到各种 神经运动功能障碍引起的疾病，包括脑部 瘫痪、脊髓损伤、脊髓灰质炎、重症肌无力、脊柱 肌肉萎缩、周围神经病、肌营养不良 其他。

Non-invasive aeromechanical methods will be used to study various aspects of normal speech breathing and speech breathing disorders. Four primary investigations will be conducted. The first investigation will document the nature of the emergence of normal speech breathing in infants and young children and provide a data base against which infants and young children with speech breathing disorders can be compared. The second investigation will test the hypothesis that laryngeal airway resistance during vowel production decreases with age and thereby leads to the development of compensatory adjustments of the breathing apparatus. The same investigation also will provide normative data needed to enhance the clinical evaluation and management of voice disorders in adults of all ages. The third investigation will elucidate the mechanism involved in speech breathing disorders in individuals with Parkinson's disease. This investigation will expand understanding of the impact of neuromotor impairments on speech production and contribute information of value for application to the evaluation and management of persons with parkinsonism. The fourth investigation will test the effects of abnormal trussing on speech breathing in individuals with abdominal paresis or paralysis resulting from spinal cord injury. Data from this investigation will have a direct impact on strategies for the clinical management of speech breathing control in individuals with neuromotor impairments affecting abdominal muscle control. Applications of the four investigations mentioned should extend to various disorders caused by neuromotor dysfunction, including cerebral palsy, spinal cord injury, poliomyelitis, myasthenia gravis, spinal muscular atrophy, peripheral neuropathy, muscular dystrophy, and others.