EVALUATION OF MERCURY RELEASE FROM DENTAL AMALGAMS

最近，公众意识和专业水平都有所提高 对牙科汞齐释放汞的关注。尽管它是 普遍认为，汞齐原位排放的汞的水平 是低的，但关于其数量、机制的信息很少 这种低水平汞的释放或生物效应。的目标是 本研究的建议是系统地调查数量、速度 牙科银汞合金的汞释放机制及其研究进展 通过蒸发、升华和溶解成组分相 口腔环境。为了实现这一目标，有四种实验技术 将采用：1)汞的释放速率和数量 几种不同的银汞合金及其在老化过程中的组成相 温度和时间段将由体重减轻决定。 测量；2)年龄、环境和表面状况对 汞齐释放汞的速率和数量以及它们 将使用临床上使用的水银蒸气来确定组成相 3)扫描电子显微镜和x射线能散射仪 将使用分析来确定微观结构的变化和固体 汞齐过程中发生的状态反应及其组成相 在不同的温度和时间段下老化。这些变化将会是 与汞的演化有关，以提出地点和机制 汞合金中汞的蒸发或升华；4)溶解 来自不同抛光和未抛光汞齐、汞齐相和 特定汞齐相的电偶将用原子测定 吸收分光光度测定法。相信这项研究将提供 有助于确定核辐射最终暴露的科学证据 患者和牙科人员从现在和未来的牙科到汞 汞齐。

Recently, there has been an increased public awareness and professional concern over the release of mercury from dental amalgam. Although it is generally believed that the level of mercury emitted from amalgam in situ is low, there is little information available on the quantity, mechanism of release or biological effect of this low level of mercury. The goal of this research proposal is to systematically investigate the quantity, rate and mechanisms of mercury release from dental amalgams and their constituent phases by evaporation, sublimation and dissolution into the oral environment. To accomplish this goal, four experimental techniques will be employed: 1) The rate and quantity of mercury released from three different amalgams and their constituent phases during aging at several temperatures and time periods will be determined by weight-loss measurements; 2) The effect of age, environment and surface condition on the rate and quantity of mercury released from amalgams and their constituent phases will be determined using a clinically used mercury vapor analyzer; 3) Scanning electron microscopy and x-ray energy dispersive analysis will be employed to identify the microstructural changes and solid state reactions that occur in amalgams and their constituent phases during aging at various temperatures and time periods. These changes will then be related to the evolution of mercury to propose sites and mechanisms for the evaporation or sublimation of mercury from amalgam; 4) The dissolution of mercury from different polished and unpolished amalgams, amalgam phases and galvanic couples of specific amalgam phases will be determined with atomic absorption spectrophotometry. It is believed that this study will provide scientific evidence to aid in determining the ultimate exposure of the patient and dental personnel to mercury from present and future dental amalgams.