RCUK-CONICYT Mucosal health and microbiota during sea lice parasitism: effect of oral delivery of immunomodulants

RCUK-CONICYT 海虱寄生期间的粘膜健康和微生物群：口服免疫调节剂的影响

• 批准号: BB/N024028/1
• 负责人: Daniel Merrifield
• 金额: $ 33.48万
• 依托单位: Plymouth University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2016 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FN024028%2F1
• 关键词: RCUK; CONICYT; Mucosal; health; microbiota

The mucosal surfaces (skin, intestine and gills) of fish are constantly interacting with a wide range of pathogens and, inconcert with the resident mucosal microbiota, are the first line of host defence. Several immune factors have beendescribed in fish mucus and their presence and abundance can be affected by pathogen infection. As a consequence, themucosa-associated microbiota can be affected and this may lead to dysbiosis, a microbial imbalance on or inside the body,which reduces the beneficial role of microbiota on the innate immune system and may lead to secondary infections byopportunistic microbes. Sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis and Caligus spp.) infections are the most economicallyimportant causative agents of disease in marine-farmed salmonids worldwide. Caligus rogercresseyi is the mainectoparasite affecting the Chilean salmon industry with estimated costs of up to $120 million annually. This parasitedamages external surfaces of the integument providing portal of entry for secondary infectious pathogens, and infected fishalso become stressed which leads to immunosuppression with consequent increased susceptibility to the secondaryinfections. Other Caligid parasites (Caligus rogercresseyi and other Caligus spp.) have detrimental impacts on mariculture operations in both developing and developed parts of the world which causes economic losses of US$ 100's millionsannually. The development of novel methods to prevent or reduce sea lice infection is therefore a high priority for theindustry. An essential prerequisite for improved treatments strategies is a better understanding of relationship betweenhost-microbiome-parasite at the epidermal interface. Therefore, the aim of this research programme is to evaluate theinfluence of sea lice parasitism on mucosal health, including aspects of the immune response and host microbiota. We willevaluate the effect of immunomodulants on susceptibility to sea lice infection, and on gut and mucus quality by determiningepidermal mucus proteomic responses, microbiota changes and mucosal transcriptomic changes. We will correlate theresponses of the host and the sea lice during the early stages of parasitism in order to develop new strategies (i.e. identifyantigens for vaccines, targets for RNAi, probiotics, prebiotics, immunomodulants) for sea ice control.

鱼的粘膜表面(皮肤、肠道和鳃)不断地与广泛的病原体相互作用，与常驻的粘膜微生物区系一致，是宿主防御的第一道防线。在鱼类粘液中发现了几种免疫因子，它们的存在和丰度会受到病原体感染的影响。因此，与粘膜相关的微生物区系可能会受到影响，这可能会导致生物失调，即体内或体内的微生物失衡，从而降低微生物区系对先天性免疫系统的有益作用，并可能导致机会微生物的二次感染。海虱(Lepeophtheirus salmonis和Caligus spp.)在全世界海洋养殖鲑鱼中，感染是最重要的经济致病因素。大黄鱼是影响智利三文鱼养殖业的主要体外寄生虫，估计每年造成高达1.2亿美元的损失。这种寄生虫破坏了体壁的外表面，为二次感染病原体提供了进入的入口，受感染的鱼也变得紧张，导致免疫抑制，从而增加了对二次感染的易感性。其他Caligid寄生虫(Caligus roercresseyi和其他Caligus spp.)对世界发展中和发达地区的海水养殖作业造成不利影响，每年造成经济损失1亿美元，S说。因此，开发预防或减少海虱感染的新方法是该行业的高度优先事项。改进治疗策略的一个基本前提是更好地了解表皮界面上最主要的微生物和寄生虫之间的关系。因此，本研究计划的目的是评估海虱寄生对粘膜健康的影响，包括免疫反应和宿主微生物区系方面的影响。我们将通过测定表皮粘液的蛋白质组反应、微生物区系变化和粘膜转录变化来评价免疫调节剂对海虱感染易感性以及对肠道和粘液质量的影响。我们将在寄生早期将寄主和海虱的反应联系起来，以开发新的海冰控制策略(即识别疫苗抗原、RNAi靶标、益生菌、益生菌、免疫调节剂)。

项目成果

Genetic fingerprinting of salmon louse ( Lepeophtheirus salmonis ) populations in the North-East Atlantic using a random forest classification approach

使用随机森林分类方法对东北大西洋鲑鱼虱 (Lepeophtheirus Salmonis) 种群进行基因指纹分析

• DOI: 10.1101/179218
• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: Jacobs A

SalmoSim: the development of a three-compartment in vitro simulator of the Atlantic salmon GI tract and associated microbial communities.

• DOI: 10.1186/s40168-021-01134-6
• 发表时间: 2021-08-31
• 期刊: Microbiome
• 影响因子: 15.5
• 作者: Kazlauskaite R;Cheaib B;Heys C;Ijaz UZ;Connelly S;Sloan W;Russel J;Rubio L;Sweetman J;Kitts A;McGinnity P;Lyons P;Llewellyn M
• 通讯作者: Llewellyn M

Additional file 12 of SalmoSim: the development of a three-compartment in vitro simulator of the Atlantic salmon GI tract and associated microbial communities

SalmoSim 的附加文件 12：开发大西洋鲑鱼胃肠道和相关微生物群落的三室体外模拟器

• DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.16551207
• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Kazlauskaite R

Genetic fingerprinting of salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) populations in the North-East Atlantic using a random forest classification approach.

鲑鱼虱（Lepeophtheirus salmonis）种群在东北大西洋的遗传指纹使用随机的森林分类方法。

• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19323-z
• 发表时间: 2018-01-19
• 期刊: Scientific reports
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Jacobs A;De Noia M;Praebel K;Kanstad-Hanssen Ø;Paterno M;Jackson D;McGinnity P;Sturm A;Elmer KR;Llewellyn MS
• 通讯作者: Llewellyn MS

Deploying an in vitro gut model to assay the impact of a mannan-oligosaccharide prebiotic, Bio-Mos® on the Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) gut microbiome

采用体外肠道模型来分析甘露寡糖益生元 Bio-Mos® 对大西洋鲑鱼 (Salmo salar) 肠道微生物组的影响

• DOI: 10.1101/2021.08.18.456921
• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Kazlauskaite R