MECHANISM OF DIETARY EFFECTS ON MACRONUTRIENT SELECTION

膳食对常量营养素选择的影响机制

• 批准号: 3242713
• 负责人: Roy Joseph Martin
• 金额: $ 5.89万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-05-15 至 1995-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3242713
• 关键词: caloric dietary content; carbohydrate metabolism; denervation; diet; dietary lipid; dietetics; eating; laboratory rat; liver metabolism; nutrition related tag; obesity; protein metabolism

While substantial evidence exists confirming the regulation of macronutrient intake, the mechanism by which this occurs is poorly understood. In many cases, interpretation of these data has been clouded by confounding variables due to improper design of test diets. In addition, much work has centered around regulation of protein and carbohydrate intake, but the role of fat has been largely unexplored. We provide some of the first data to suggest that type and amount of dietary fat, fed for a very short time, strongly influence protein and carbohydrate intake. Further, diets are formulated to minimize confounding variables; holding calories and micronutrient levels constant. Studies are described to determine the role of sensory cues and metabolic input by which this response occurs and to examine the time course of the response and the importance of taste receptors. Control from hepatic mechanisms will be tested by examining hepatic metabolism and neural output in fat fed animals. The overall goal of the proposal is to further clarify the mechanism(s) controlling selection of all the macronutrients. These data may be significant to the study of obesity, particularly diet-induced obesity, the most common type in the human population. It is well documented that highly palatable foods of high carbohydrate and fat content can induce obesity in freely feeding rats and that human obesity is often characterized by carbohydrate craving. Understanding the mechanism(s) involved in regulation of macronutrient selection and the role(s) of the macronutrients, may aid in the treatment of this disease.

虽然有确凿的证据证实了对 大量营养素的摄入，导致这种情况发生的机制很差 明白了。在许多情况下，对这些数据的解释变得模糊不清 由于试验饮食设计不当而混杂变量。在……里面 此外，许多工作都集中在蛋白质和蛋白质的调节上 碳水化合物的摄入，但脂肪的作用在很大程度上还没有被探索。我们 提供一些第一批数据来表明饮食的类型和数量 脂肪摄入时间很短，对蛋白质和碳水化合物有很大影响。 入口处。此外，制定饮食方案以尽量减少混杂的变量； 保持卡路里和微量营养素水平不变。对研究进行了描述 为了确定感官提示和代谢输入的作用， 响应发生，并检查响应的时间进程和 味觉受体的重要性。从肝脏机制控制将是 通过检测脂肪喂养中的肝脏代谢和神经输出进行测试 动物。 提案总目标是进一步明确机制(S) 控制所有常量营养素的选择。这些数据可能是 对肥胖，特别是饮食引起的肥胖的研究具有重要意义 人类中最常见的类型。有充分的证据表明 高碳水化合物和高脂肪含量的可口食物会导致 自由喂养的大鼠肥胖，而人类肥胖通常 以渴望碳水化合物为特征的。理解机制(S) 参与调控常量营养素选择及其作用(S) 大量营养素，可能有助于治疗这种疾病。