MECHANISM OF DIETARY EFFECTS ON MACRONUTRIENT SELECTION

膳食对常量营养素选择的影响机制

• 批准号: 3242713
• 负责人: Roy Joseph Martin
• 金额: $ 5.89万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-05-15 至 1995-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3242713
• 关键词: caloric dietary content; carbohydrate metabolism; denervation; diet; dietary lipid; dietetics; eating; laboratory rat; liver metabolism; nutrition related tag; obesity; protein metabolism

While substantial evidence exists confirming the regulation of macronutrient intake, the mechanism by which this occurs is poorly understood. In many cases, interpretation of these data has been clouded by confounding variables due to improper design of test diets. In addition, much work has centered around regulation of protein and carbohydrate intake, but the role of fat has been largely unexplored. We provide some of the first data to suggest that type and amount of dietary fat, fed for a very short time, strongly influence protein and carbohydrate intake. Further, diets are formulated to minimize confounding variables; holding calories and micronutrient levels constant. Studies are described to determine the role of sensory cues and metabolic input by which this response occurs and to examine the time course of the response and the importance of taste receptors. Control from hepatic mechanisms will be tested by examining hepatic metabolism and neural output in fat fed animals. The overall goal of the proposal is to further clarify the mechanism(s) controlling selection of all the macronutrients. These data may be significant to the study of obesity, particularly diet-induced obesity, the most common type in the human population. It is well documented that highly palatable foods of high carbohydrate and fat content can induce obesity in freely feeding rats and that human obesity is often characterized by carbohydrate craving. Understanding the mechanism(s) involved in regulation of macronutrient selection and the role(s) of the macronutrients, may aid in the treatment of this disease.

虽然有大量证据证实， 宏量营养素摄入，发生这种情况的机制是很差的 明白 在许多情况下，对这些数据的解释是模糊的 由于试验饮食设计不当造成的混杂变量。 在 此外，许多工作都集中在调节蛋白质和 碳水化合物的摄入量，但脂肪的作用在很大程度上尚未探索。 我们 提供了一些第一批数据，表明饮食的类型和数量 脂肪，喂养很短的时间，强烈影响蛋白质和碳水化合物 摄入 此外，配制饮食以使混杂变量最小化; 保持卡路里和微量营养素水平不变。 研究的描述 以确定感官线索和代谢输入的作用， 响应发生，并检查响应的时间过程和 味觉感受器的重要性 肝脏机制的控制将是 通过检查脂肪喂养的大鼠的肝脏代谢和神经输出进行测试， 动物 该提案的总体目标是进一步澄清机制， 控制所有常量营养素的选择。 这些数据可以 对于肥胖症，特别是饮食引起的肥胖症的研究， 是人类中最常见的类型 有据可查， 高碳水化合物和高脂肪含量的非常可口的食物可以诱导 自由喂养的大鼠肥胖，人类肥胖往往是 以渴望碳水化合物为特点。 了解机制 参与调节大量营养素的选择和作用的 大量营养素，可能有助于治疗这种疾病。