CYCLOPEAN AND MONOCULAR MOTION PROCESSING

独眼和单眼运动处理

• 批准号: 3262601
• 负责人: DAVID G STORK
• 金额: $ 3.76万
• 依托单位: CLARK UNIVERSITY (WORCESTER, MA)
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1985
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1985-08-01 至 1987-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3262601
• 关键词: binocular vision; human subject; neural information processing; neurophysiology; psychophysics; vision disorders; vision tests; visual feedback; visual photosensitivity; visual stimulus

Cyclopean (cycl.) motion (as in a Julesz cinematogram) will be studied under conditions of conflicting, nonconflicting, and random monocular (mono.) motion to determine properties of mono.-binoc. motion interaction, as described by tuning curves in the relative angle, speed, and spatial frequency domains. Results will have great import on theories of mono.-binoc. information processing, neurophysiology of disparity units, and stereoblindness pathology. Most experiments employ a novel cycl. stimulus: a sinusoidal disparity grating moving vertically in the frontal plane (eg, a horizontal cycl. grating moving upward) formed from mono. fields of random dots moving at a different angle and speed (eg, dots moving quickly to the right). Alternatively, mono. motion can be chosen to be nonconflicting (ie, same vertical speed as cycl. grating), or temporally random (eg, video "snow"). Key experiments include: 1) Cycl. motion aftereffect (CMAE): S's will adapt to a cycl. grating moving vertically formed from temporally random monocular fields. The test speed needed to null the CMAE will be found at various SOA's to determine the decay constant of cycl. response. 2) CMAE with mono. motion in various directions and speeds: Comparing Exp 1 results will show the strength and tunings of suprathreshold mono.-binoc. motion interaction. 3) New contingent aftereffect: Using a McCulloch paradigm, a contingent AE linking vertical cycl. motion to horizontal mono. motion will be sought. The test stimuli will be a) a flat pattern of moving dots, thereby producing an AE of cycl. motion, or b) a drifting cycl. grating, thereby producing an AE of mono. motion. 4) Disparity thresholds for cycl. grating motion detection: Using method of adjustment, disparity thresholds will be found for various mono. conditions to determine whether probability summation or inhibition acts between mono. and binoc. systems. 5) Cycl. motion subchannel independence: Disparity thresholds (Exp 4) for counterphase cycl. gratings will be found. A ratio of disparities 2:1 (counterphase:drifting) will suggest independent cycl. motion subchannels, as shown monocularly by Sekuler. 6) Conditions for coherent motion: If mono. and cycl. vertical speeds are equal, the pattern will move "coherently"--as an apparently single visual entity: for large difference in such speeds, it won't. This range will be found using a 2-choice staircase. 7) Stereomotion blindness: The approximate incidence of stereomotion blindness will be determined and compared with that of standard (static) stereoblindness.

环藻(Cyclopean(Cycl.)将研究运动(如Julesz电影摄影) 在冲突、非冲突和随机单目的条件下 (单声道)确定一元二元二元体性质的动议。运动交互， 如在相对角度、速度和空间中的调整曲线所描述的 频域。这些结果将对理论产生重大影响。 单核细胞。-一对一。信息处理，视差单位的神经生理学， 和立体盲病理学。大多数实验都采用了一种新的循环。 刺激：正面垂直移动的正弦视差栅格 平面(如水平圆)向上移动的栅格)由单声道形成的。 以不同角度和速度移动的随机点的场(例如，点 快速向右移动)。或者，单声道。可以选择运动来 不冲突(即，与周期相同的垂直速度格栅)，或暂时地 随机(例如，视频“雪”)。主要实验包括： 1)循环。动作后效：S的将适应一个周期。格栅 由时间上随机的单视场形成的垂直运动。这个测试 将在各种SOA中找到使CMAE清零所需的速度，以确定 周期的衰变常数。回应。 2)单声道CMAE。不同方向和速度的运动：比较实验 1结果将显示超阈值单音的强度和调谐。-binoc。 运动交互。 3)新的或有后效：使用McCulloch范式，或有AE 链接垂直循环。移动到水平单声道。我们会提出动议。 测试刺激将是a)移动点的扁平图案，从而 产生一种循环声发射。运动，或b)漂移的周期。格栅，从而 产生单声道的声发射。动议。 4)周期的视差阈值。光栅式运动检测：使用方法 在调整中，将找到各种单声道的差异阈值。 确定概率求和或抑制作用的条件 单声道之间。和Binoc。系统。 5)周期。运动子通道独立性：视差阈值(Exp 4) 反相周期。我们会找到格栅的。差距之比为2：1 (反相：漂移)将暗示独立的周期。运动子通道， 如Sekuler单眼所示。 6)相干运动的条件：如果是单声道。还有Cycl.垂直速度是 相同的情况下，图案将“连贯地”移动--作为一个明显的单一视觉 Entity：对于这些速度的巨大差异，它不会。这个范围将是 是在二选一的楼梯上发现的。 7)立体运动盲：立体运动的大致发病率 测定盲度，并与标准值(静态)进行比较。 立体盲目。