ANALYSIS AND CONTROL OF CHROMOSOME MOVEMENT

染色体运动的分析和控制

• 批准号: 3268547
• 负责人: R. BRUCE NICKLAS
• 金额: $ 12.13万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1976
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1976-01-01 至 1991-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3268547
• 关键词: Orthoptera; birefringences; cell type; chromosome movement; cinemicrography; computer simulation; electron microscopy; kinetosome; meiosis; micromanipulator; microtubules; mitotic spindle apparatus; nuclear membrane; phase contrast microscopy; sperm; tissue /cell culture

The goal is to understand the equal distribution of chromosomes to the daughter cells in mitosis and meiosis. An explanation for the normal success in chromosome distribution would also help explain the failures that result in Down's syndrome and other chromosome diseases in humans. Equal distribution depends upon directed chromosome movement in mitosis. The mitotic forces that produce directed movement would be measured in absolute units in living cells. The aims are to learn what causes chromosomes to move to the equator in prometaphase, where the mitotic motors are located, and to compare force production in prometaphase and anaphase. Microtubules in vitro and in a cell model will be micromanipulated to determine whether mitotic forces can affect microtubule structure and whether microtubule assembly generates force. Correlated studies of the same chromosome in living cells and in the electron microscope are proposed. The aims are to learn how the microtubule arrangement that produces equal chromosome distribution comes about and how tension forces stabilize the one appropriate arrangement of microtubules.

其目的是了解染色体的平均分布， 有丝分裂和减数分裂中的子细胞。 对正常现象的解释 染色体分布的成功也有助于解释 导致唐氏综合症和其他人类染色体疾病。 平均分布依赖于有丝分裂中染色体的定向运动。 产生定向运动的有丝分裂力将在 活细胞的绝对单位 目的是了解是什么原因 在前中期，染色体移动到赤道， 电机的位置，并比较生产力在前中期和 后期 微管在体外和细胞模型中将是 显微操作，以确定是否有丝分裂力可以影响微管 结构和微管组装是否产生力。 活细胞中同一染色体的相关性研究 电子显微镜建议。 目的是了解 微管排列产生相等的染色体分布， 张力是如何稳定 微管