MALE RECOMBINATION - MUTATOR SYSTEM IN DROSOPHILA

雄性重组——果蝇的突变系统

• 批准号: 3269762
• 负责人: YUICHIRO HIRAIZUMI
• 金额: $ 18.13万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1979
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1979-04-01 至 1990-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3269762
• 关键词: alleles; animal population genetics; biological polymorphism; chromosome disorders; cytogenetics; developmental genetics; eukaryote; fertility; gene frequency; gene interaction; genetic crossing over; genetic manipulation; genetic mapping; genetic recombination; genetic regulation; genotype; heterozygote; male; natural selections; sex chromosomes; spermatogenesis

Many theories in population genetics assume that the Mendelian ratio, 1:1, is a general rule in many organisms in natural populations. The present project attempts to challenge this basic assumption -- I propose a hypothesis that the Mendelian ratio is rather an exception; non-Mendelian ratio is the general rule in heredity. By making use of the well-studied genetic systems of Segregation Distorter (SD) and Male recombination-Mutator (MR) in Drosophila melanogaster, it is attempted to identify and establish the formal genetic basis of the elements causing distorted segregation ratio and the genetic basis of the elements modifying it. This project will cover not only one particular chromosome pair but the other chromosomes as well. A special emphasis will be placed to investigate the modes of interactions in segregation ratio among elements located on different chromosomes so that the mechanism regulating segregation frequencies of chromosomes can be understood on the entire genome basis. Some other related phenomena such as hybrid dysgenesis will also be studied. Results of these studies will require us to re-evaluate many population genetics predictions on human populations such as genetic damages due to exposure to irradiation and chemicals through generations.

群体遗传学的许多理论都假设孟德尔比率，1：1， 是自然种群中许多生物体的普遍规律。 本 项目试图挑战这一基本假设-我提出了一个 孟德尔比率是一个例外的假设;非孟德尔的 比例是遗传的一般规律。 通过充分利用 分离扭曲（SD）和男性的遗传系统 重组突变子（MR）在黑腹果蝇，它试图 确定并建立引起这些疾病的因素的正式遗传基础 偏聚比畸变及元素修饰的遗传基础 了 该项目将不仅涵盖一个特定的染色体对， 其他的染色体也一样。 将特别强调 研究元素间偏析比的相互作用方式 位于不同的染色体上， 染色体的分离频率可以从整体上理解 基因组基础 其他一些相关现象，如杂种发育不全， 也被研究。 这些研究的结果将要求我们重新评估 许多关于人类群体的群体遗传学预测，如遗传学， 几代人暴露于辐射和化学品造成的损害。