CELL CHARACTERIZATION WITH ULTRASOUND

超声波细胞表征

• 批准号: 3278182
• 负责人: ROBERT E APFEL
• 金额: $ 9.59万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1982
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1982-05-01 至 1988-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3278182
• 关键词: erythrocytes; radiation protection; radiation sensitivity; ultrasound biological effect

The broad goal of this work is to improve significantly the characterization and manipulation of biological materials using ultrasonic waves. 1. Primary project - Acoustic Scattering of Cell Characterization and Sorting. In our primary experiment, tone bursts of 30 MHz center frequency and 2 Mu-second duration scatter off of individual particles (red blood cells) as they pass through the focal region of three confocally positioned acoustic transducers. The scattered signal is detected at two angles (90 degrees and 135 degrees) and, with this information, we calculate the compressibility and density of the particles using long wavelength acoustic scattering theory. With the apparatus, as described, we have been able to plot histograms of the scattered acoustic intensity versus size or compressibility of red blood cells in host solutions of varying tonicity. We have also seen biomodal distributions in size for the case of rbc's from anemic patients, confirming our theoretical prediction that the intensity of ultrasound scattered in the 90 degree direction is proportional to the mean cellular hemoglobin content. We now plan a few important changes. By eliminating one of the receiving transducers and using the transmitter as a back-scatter receiver, we greatly simplify alignment problems. By processing signals in hardware, rather than software we increase the numbers of pulses that can be scattered off each cell, and we get information on each cell almost instantaneously thereby opening up a new possibility: that of cell sorting. 2. Secondary Project - Cell Manipulation and Deformation - We have been able to levitate acoustically small drops and biological cells in a specially designed chamber mounted on an optical microscope stage. We have been able to resonate the drops into shape oscillations, which provides information on the interfacial tension. We have been able to use this technique to produce drop fission. Although we have not been able to resonate biological cells, we have been able to statically deform sea urchin eggs. Our goal for continued work is to explore several possibilities for the acoustically-induced manipulation and deformation of biological cells. 3. Secondary Project - Characterization of the nonlinear property, B/A, of tissues using Phase-Locked Circuitry. By using a new, highly precise ultrasonic interferometer, we hope to be able to answer the question: Is the nonlinear parameter of tissues a useful measure for determining tissue pathology?

这项工作的广泛目标是显着改善 使用超声波对生物材料进行表征和操纵 波浪。 1。主要项目 - 细胞表征的声学散射和 排序。 在我们的主要实验中，音调爆发30 MHz中心频率 和2个MU秒的持续时间分散在单个颗粒（红色的血液中） 细胞）通过三个共享位置的焦点区域 声音传感器。 以两个角度检测到散射信号（90 学位和135度），通过此信息，我们计算 使用长波长声学的颗粒的可压缩性和密度 散射理论。 如所述，使用设备，我们已经能够 散射声强度与大小的绘图直方图或 红细胞在变化良性的宿主溶液中的可压缩性。 我们还看到了RBC的生物模式分布的大小 贫血患者，证实了我们的理论预测强度 散布在90度方向的超声 平均细胞血红蛋白含量。 我们现在计划一些重要的更改。 经过 消除一个接收传感器，并将发射机用作 后刻表接收器，我们极大地简化了对齐问题。 经过 处理硬件中的信号，而不是软件，我们增加了 可以从每个单元格上散射的脉冲数量，我们得到 几乎瞬间就每个单元格上的信息，从而打开了一个新的信息 可能性：细胞分类。 2。次要项目 - 细胞操纵和变形 - 我们已经 能够在A中悬浮小滴和生物细胞 专门设计的腔室安装在光学显微镜阶段。 我们有 能够将滴剂引起形状振荡，这提供了 有关界面张力的信息。 我们已经能够使用这个 产生下降裂变的技术。 虽然我们无法 共鸣生物细胞，我们能够静态变形海 粗鸡蛋。 我们继续工作的目标是探索几个 声学引起的操纵和变形的可能性 生物细胞。 3。次要项目 - 非线性特性的表征B/A的表征 使用相锁的电路组织。 通过使用新的，高度精确的 超声干涉仪，我们希望能够回答这个问题： 组织的非线性参数是确定组织的有用度量 病理？