Peptidoglycan remodelling during Rhizobium leguminosarum life cycle, from the rhizosphere to the formation of bacteroids

豆科根瘤菌生命周期中的肽聚糖重塑，从根际到类菌的形成

• 批准号: BB/W013800/1
• 负责人: Stéphane MESNAGE
• 金额: $ 83.97万
• 依托单位: University of Sheffield
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FW013800%2F1
• 关键词: Peptidoglycan; remodelling; during; Rhizobium; leguminosarum

Optimal plant growth is achieved through complex interactions with soil microorganisms including bacteria, fungi, single celled animals, and nematodes. Plants belonging to the family of Fabaceae (legumes such as peas, beans, soybeans, or lentils) rely on a mutually beneficial interaction (symbiosis) with a group of bacteria called rhizobia to utilise atmospheric nitrogen. This basic nutrient is present as a gas that makes up 78% of Earth's atmosphere but cannot be used directly by plants for the synthesis of their cellular constituents. Assimilation of nitrogen by rhizobia is therefore a critical process for plant growth, which in turn supports animal life, with a tremendous economic and environmental impact. The use of artificial nitrogen fertilisers has a major environmental cost; it accounts for nearly 50% of the fossil fuel used in agriculture and leads to eutrophication of lakes, rivers and drinking water, toxic algal blooms, and biodiversity loss. The plant-rhizobia symbiosis involves a complex molecular dialog that leads to the bacterial invasion of root tissues and the formation of root nodules. Inside these nodules, rhizobia form specialised cells called bacteroids able to transform atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia used by plants. We have identified a family of enzymes that are differentially expressed during the life cycle of the model symbiont Rhizobium leguminosarum and essential for the viability of bacteria in the nodule. The purpose of this research is to study this group of important proteins to understand how the remodelling of the bacterial cell envelope contributes to symbiosis in peas and beans. This work is an important step to engineer rhizobia for sustainable agriculture.

最佳的植物生长是通过与土壤微生物包括细菌，真菌，单细胞动物和线虫的复杂相互作用实现的。属于豆科的植物（豆类，如豌豆，豆类，大豆或小扁豆）依赖于与一组称为根瘤菌的细菌的互利相互作用（共生）来利用大气中的氮。这种基本的营养物质以气体的形式存在，占地球大气的78%，但不能直接被植物用于合成其细胞成分。因此，根瘤菌对氮的同化是植物生长的关键过程，植物生长反过来又支持动物的生命，具有巨大的经济和环境影响。人工氮肥的使用具有重大的环境成本;它占农业中使用的化石燃料的近50%，并导致湖泊，河流和饮用水的富营养化，有毒藻类大量繁殖和生物多样性丧失。植物与根瘤菌的共生关系涉及一个复杂的分子对话，导致细菌侵入根组织并形成根瘤。在这些根瘤中，根瘤菌形成了一种称为类杆菌的特殊细胞，能够将大气中的氮转化为植物所需的氨。我们已经确定了一个家庭的酶，差异表达的模式共生根瘤菌豆类根瘤菌的生命周期和根瘤中的细菌的生存能力所必需的。这项研究的目的是研究这组重要的蛋白质，以了解细菌细胞包膜的重塑如何有助于豌豆和豆类的共生。本研究为实现根瘤菌工程的可持续发展迈出了重要的一步。